THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE FACTORS ON DIARRHEA CASES IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS BEFORE AND AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BANJARMASIN

Berkala Kedokteran Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI:10.20527/jbk.v18i1.12783

B. Budiyanto

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Abstract

Abstract: Background: Diarrhea still become one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children, especially under 5 years. Anthropogenic climate change, mainly due to global warming process, is expected to change the epidemiological pattern of infectious diseases, including diarrhea. COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred globally since March 2020 may also have an impact. Banjarmasin as a city in a wetland area with tropical savanna climate that also affected by COVID-19 pandemic is also at risk. We conducted a research to study the influence of climate factors on diarrhea cases in children under 5 years before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Banjarmasin.Methods: Data of monthly diarrhea cases in children under 5 years at public health centers from Banjarmasin City Health Office and monthly climate data (amount of rainfall, number of rain days, temperature, humidity, sunshine duration, wind speed) from BMKG and BPS between January 2010 to April 2021 were collected. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the correlation between climate factors and diarrhea cases before and after COVID-19 pandemic.Results: There was a decrease in the average monthly visits of children under five years with diarrhea before (497 ±47.4) and after (132 ±45.8) COVID-19 pandemic. Among climate factors, amount of rainfall (r=-0.753; p=0.005), number of rain days (r=-0.774; p=0.003), and humidity (r=-0.590; p=0.044) were negatively correlated, while sunshine duration (r=0.674; p=0.016) was positively correlated with diarrhea cases in the period before COVID-19 pandemic. No correlation was found between any climate factor and diarrhea cases in the subsequent period.Conclusion: Diarrhea cases in children under 5 years in Banjarmasin tend to increase in dry season, however during COVID-19 pandemic there were some changes in society, such as working from home, reluctance to go to health facilities which might affect the usual trend. Keywords: Anthropogenic climate change; Climate factors; COVID-19 pandemic; Diarrhea under 5 years; Wetland

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气候因素对孟加拉国新冠肺炎大流行前后5岁以下儿童腹泻病例的影响

摘要：背景：腹泻仍然是导致儿童，尤其是5岁以下儿童发病和死亡的主要原因之一。人为气候变化，主要是由于全球变暖过程，预计将改变包括腹泻在内的传染病的流行病学模式。自2020年3月以来在全球范围内发生的新冠肺炎大流行也可能产生影响。班贾马辛作为一个湿地地区的城市，热带稀树草原气候也受到新冠肺炎大流行的影响，也面临风险。我们进行了一项研究，以研究新冠肺炎大流行前后气候因素对班加马辛5岁以下儿童腹泻病例的影响收集了2010年1月至2021年4月期间BMKG和BPS的降雨量、降雨天数、温度、湿度、日照时间、风速。进行统计分析，以确定新冠肺炎大流行前后气候因素与腹泻病例之间的相关性。结果：新冠肺炎大流行前（497±47.4）和大流行后（132±45.8），5岁以下腹泻儿童的平均每月就诊次数有所减少。在气候因素中，新冠肺炎大流行前的降雨量（r=-0.753；p=0.005）、降雨天数（r=-0.574；p=0.003）和湿度（r=-0.190；p=0.044）呈负相关，而日照时间（r=0.674；p＝0.016）与腹泻病例呈正相关。在随后的一段时间里，没有发现任何气候因素与腹泻病例之间的相关性。结论：班贾马辛5岁以下儿童腹泻病例在旱季往往会增加，但在新冠肺炎大流行期间，社会发生了一些变化，如在家工作、不愿去卫生机构，这可能会影响正常趋势。关键词：人为气候变化；气候因素；新冠肺炎大流行5岁以下腹泻；湿地

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Berkala Kedokteran

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24 weeks