Montessori: origen y razones de las críticas a una de las pedagogas más controvertidas de la historia

IF 1 4区教育学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Revista Espanola De Pedagogia Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI:10.22550/rep81-2-2023-01

Catherine L’Ecuyer

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Abstract

Montessori is one of the most fascinating and controversial pedagogues of all time. On the one hand, the naturalists reproached her for the rigidity and artificiality of her method, as well as her rejection of productive imagina¬tion and fantasy. On the other hand, progres¬sive educators reproached the individualist and prescriptive character of her method. The mod¬ernists reproached her for her religiosity. Some criticized her for accelerating learning or for not respecting the freedom of the child, others for the contrary. Christians branded her a sec¬ularist, positivist, naturalist, and theosophist, while theosophists defined her as Catholic. These paradoxical criticisms are due, among other reasons, to the context of the an-timodernist frenzy in which she developed her method, to her network of friends in Freema-son circles, to the numerous nuances of her method, to her resistance to fitting in with ex-isting educational currents, to the instrumen¬talization of her method by third party inter¬ests, to her sometimes entangled and not very clear language and to the lack of knowledge of her method in action.

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蒙特梭利：批评历史上最有争议的教育家之一的起源和原因

蒙台梭利是有史以来最迷人、最具争议的教育家之一。一方面，博物学家指责她的方法死板、人为，以及拒绝富有成效的想象和幻想。另一方面，进步的教育家指责她的方法的个人主义和规定性。现代主义者因她的宗教虔诚而责备她。一些人批评她加速了学习，或者不尊重孩子的自由，而另一些人则相反。基督徒给她贴上了有神论者、实证主义者、自然主义者和神智论者的标签，而神智论者则把她定义为天主教徒。这些矛盾的批评，除其他原因外，是由于她在反现代主义狂热的背景下发展了她的方法，是由于她在自由之子圈子里的朋友网络，是由于她的方法的众多细微差别，是由于她对适应现有教育潮流的抵制，是由于第三方利益将她的方法工具化，是由于她有时纠缠不清的语言，是由于缺乏对她的方法的实际了解。

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来源期刊

Revista Espanola De Pedagogia EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The revista española de pedagogía (Spanish Journal of Pedagogy or rep) is one of the oldest journals in the world dealing with pedagogical research. During the several decades it has been published, the revista española de pedagogía has always maintained the highest standards of quality and it has gained international awards. The logo of the journal is a wheel, a symbol that wants to evoke several ideas: creativity and forward motion, the wisdom eye that enters into the knowledge of reality, the sun that radiates knowledge and makes ideas shine more clearly, as well as the globe, the sign of an education that is interested in the society where it belongs. This symbol, together with some other figures.