Cavity-renormalized quantum criticality in a honeycomb bilayer antiferromagnet

Abstract

Strong light-matter interactions as realized in an optical cavity provide a tantalizing opportunity to control the properties of condensed matter systems. Inspired by experimental advances in cavity quantum electrodynamics and the fabrication and control of two-dimensional magnets, we investigate the fate of a quantum critical antiferromagnet coupled to an optical cavity field. Using unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the scaling behavior of the magnetic structure factor and other observables. While the position and universality class are not changed by a single cavity mode, the critical fluctuations themselves obtain a sizable enhancement, scaling with a fractional exponent that defies expectations based on simple perturbation theory. The scaling exponent can be understood using a generic scaling argument, based on which we predict that the effect may be even stronger in other universality classes. Our microscopic model is based on realistic parameters for two-dimensional magnetic quantum materials and the effect may be within the range of experimental detection. The authors employ Quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study the scaling behavior of the magnetic structure factor and other observables in a 2D quantum critical magnet coupled to a single cavity mode. They find that while the quantum critical point remains unchanged, critical fluctuations are significantly enhanced and a fractional scaling exponent deviates from expectations based on perturbation theory.