Assessment of Bioenergy Potential of Waste Biomass Through Stoichiometry Analysis in Pakistan

Abstract

Pakistan is an emerging country facing energy crises due to its swiftly growing population. The energy sector is dominated by costly fossil fuels, which are quickly depleting, and threatening the environment. This study accentuates Pakistan’s current energy situation and future assessment of bioenergy potential through a comprehensive stoichiometry analysis. The paper access the tremendous potential to efficiently convert waste biomass into bioenergy as the most sustainable alternative to meet its energy demand. The results reveal that the total bioenergy potential of waste biomass has been determined as 44, 530 megawatt/1000 tonnes yearly contributed by municipal solid waste (17.21%), tree waste (22.95%), agriculture residues (18.85%), animal manure (19.67%) and other biomasses (21.32%). The conclusion shows bioenergy by 2030 prospects of 1.1–9% every year in the energy mix of Pakistan. Waste biomass will replace imported energy by reducing the burden in the range of 12–19%, 19–31%, 10–17%, and 1–2% on coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, and low-pressure gas (L.P.G.) in future by drafting the bioenergy policy framework for effective employment of renewable energy (biomass-based) production in Pakistan.