Dyslipidemia secondary to the use of haart in adults: Systematic review.

Abstract

BACKGROUND HIV infection affects millions of people globally. Currently, several drugs have brought an improvement in the quality and life expectancy of these individuals, but this therapy is accompanied by several adverse effects. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review with studies examining the relationship between antiretroviral therapy (ART) uses and secondary dyslipidemia. METHODS The review followed the criteria defined by PRISMA. Only articles that completely evaluated the lipid profile were included, which consisted of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-c), HDL cholesterol (HDL-c). RESULTS It was observed that the use of nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI and NNRTI respectively) drugs and protease inhibitors are the most used in ART and are associated with changes in lipid profiles. The main changes observed were increases in TC, TG, and LDL-c in addition to a decrease in HDL-c. These patients had a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease not only due to the use of therapy but also due to the presence of other comorbidities evaluated in these studies, such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. The increase in age, the difference between genders, CD4 T-cell count, and viral load, were observed as risk factors for worsening dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION Based on the present study, it was concluded that anti-HIV therapy is associated with dyslipidemia, which may be the primary cause or not, and is usually associated with several metabolic disorders that may in themselves aggravate this condition.