Young Allis Shad Alosa alosa (Clupeidae) Would Not Be Euryphagous: An Assessment of Juvenile Diet and Prey Selectivity under Riverine-Type Conditions

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 FISHERIES
L. Baumann, Adrien Aries, Jacky Vedrenne, J. Philip, S. Moreira, William Bouyssonnié, A. Bardonnet, M. Acolas
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Abstract

Allis shad Alosa alosa hatches and develops in freshwater before migrating to the sea during its first months of life. Some field research works dedicated to the diet of the species in freshwater put forward that young stages of allis shad feed mainly on zooplankton, being opportunistic and euryphagous; their diet would diversify through ontogeny in relation to growth. However, these assumptions have never been confronted to the availability of prey, and the exact age of fish was unknown. In this work, we reared young allis shad under seminatural conditions, from 6 to 10 days posthatching until nearly 3 months old, in a trophic environment representative of a natural river. The rearing structures were designed as artificial rivers, supplied continuously by natural riverine water and zooplankton prey. Additional zooplankton was produced in separate basins and added daily in the structures. One artificial river was used to rear allis shad in 2018, and the experiment was conducted on two allis shad batches in 2019 (one batch per river). We described the nekton communities of potential prey available for allis shad in the rearing structures by sampling the water every week, and we compared these data with the stomach contents of fish captured at one and two months old posthatching to describe their diet and prey selectivity. Our results suggest that young allis shad should not be considered as opportunistic in their feeding, since clear selectivity was observed at both ages. One-month-old allis shad highly selected cladocerans, probably because they are easy to catch for fish at this age, when their swimming abilities are limited. Feeding selection at two months old drifted towards other prey taxa (dipteran larvae, ostracods, and/or copepods), whereas cladocerans were no longer preferred. Our results suggest that fish density and competition may entice two-month-old allis shad to enlarge their diet to other taxa, including benthic organisms, while one-month-old fish do not seem able to shift their diet and would fast in the absence of cladocerans. Thus, this highlights that the feeding of young allis shad may be highly challenging during their first month of growth.
幼Allis Shad Alosa Alosa(Clupeidae)不会捕食:河流型条件下幼Allis的饮食和猎物选择性评估
Allis shad Alosa Alosa在淡水中孵化和发育,然后在生命的最初几个月迁移到大海。一些致力于淡水中该物种饮食的实地研究工作提出,幼年期的大丽鱼主要以浮游动物为食,具有机会主义和食性;他们的饮食会随着个体发育而多样化。然而,这些假设从未面对过猎物的可用性,鱼类的确切年龄也不得而知。在这项工作中,我们在6到10岁的半自然条件下饲养了幼鱼 数天之后,直到接近3 几个月大,生长在代表天然河流的营养环境中。饲养结构设计为人工河流,由天然河岸水和浮游动物猎物持续供应。额外的浮游动物在不同的盆地中产生,并每天在结构中增加。2018年,一条人工河被用于养殖大马哈鱼,2019年,该实验在两批大马哈鱼上进行(每条河一批)。我们通过每周对水中进行采样,描述了养殖结构中可供大丽鱼食用的潜在猎物的nekton群落,并将这些数据与一个月和两个月大后捕获的鱼类的胃内容物进行了比较,以描述它们的饮食和猎物选择性。我们的研究结果表明,幼鱼不应被视为机会主义喂养,因为在两个年龄段都观察到明显的选择性。一个月大的沙鱼高度选择枝角类,可能是因为在这个年龄段,当它们的游泳能力有限时,它们很容易被捕获。两个月大时的觅食选择倾向于其他猎物分类群(双足目幼虫、介形虫和/或桡足类),而枝角类不再是首选。我们的研究结果表明,鱼类密度和竞争可能会诱使两个月大的大丽鱼将其饮食扩大到其他类群,包括底栖生物,而一个月大鱼类似乎无法改变饮食,在没有枝角类的情况下会禁食。因此,这突出表明,在幼鱼生长的第一个月,喂养幼鱼可能极具挑战性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Ichthyology
Journal of Applied Ichthyology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
11.10%
发文量
73
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Ichthyology publishes articles of international repute on ichthyology, aquaculture, and marine fisheries; ichthyopathology and ichthyoimmunology; environmental toxicology using fishes as test organisms; basic research on fishery management; and aspects of integrated coastal zone management in relation to fisheries and aquaculture. Emphasis is placed on the application of scientific research findings, while special consideration is given to ichthyological problems occurring in developing countries. Article formats include original articles, review articles, short communications and technical reports.
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