The adverse effects of marijuana use: The present state and future directions

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Social Sciences

JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI:10.1080/1067828X.2018.1561580

P. Śledziński, J. Zeyland, R. Słomski, A. Nowak-Terpiłowska

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract Marijuana is recently a subject of a global debate due to potential medical application of cannabis products and the progressive legalization of its recreational use. This situation leads to the need for access to comprehensive and reliable information about the effects of marijuana intake. Our review presents the actual state of knowledge regarding acute and chronic health effects generated by recreational marijuana use. Marijuana smoking can lead to structural and functional alterations in the central nervous system. These effects are especially significant and dangerous at the prenatal, child, and adolescence periods. In contrary to a common myth, cannabis does exhibit an addictive potency, albeit not a strong one. We discuss the “cannabis gateway hypothesis,” which suggests that marijuana use can be the first step before trying more dangerous drugs. However, drawing significant conclusions is difficult due to the strong impact of confounders and often unclear relationships among studied factors, especially in the socioeconomic context. Moreover, we point to the need for the unbiased assessment of the harm generated by marijuana in comparison with other drugs.

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大麻使用的不良影响:现状和未来方向

摘要大麻最近成为全球辩论的主题，因为大麻产品的潜在医学应用及其娱乐用途的逐渐合法化。这种情况导致需要获得关于大麻摄入影响的全面可靠的信息。我们的综述介绍了娱乐性大麻使用对急性和慢性健康影响的实际知识状况。吸食大麻会导致中枢神经系统的结构和功能改变。这些影响在产前、儿童期和青春期尤为严重和危险。与一个常见的神话相反，大麻确实表现出成瘾性，尽管不是很强。我们讨论了“大麻门户假说”，该假说表明，在尝试更危险的药物之前，使用大麻可能是第一步。然而，由于混杂因素的强烈影响以及研究因素之间的关系往往不明确，特别是在社会经济背景下，很难得出重要结论。此外，我们指出，与其他药物相比，需要对大麻产生的危害进行公正评估。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

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期刊介绍： The Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse addresses the treatment of substance abuse in all ages of children. With the growing magnitude of the problem of substance abuse among children and youth, this is an essential forum for the dissemination of descriptive or investigative efforts with this population. The journal serves as a vehicle for communication and dissemination of information to the many practitioners and researchers working with these young people. With this singular mission in mind, the Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse provides subscribers with one source for obtaining current, useful information regarding state-of-the-art approaches to the strategies and issues in the assessment, prevention, and treatment of adolescent substance abuse.