Performance analysis of satellite link using Gaussian mixture model under rain

Abstract

The evolution of communication systems to the next generation, for example, B5G and 6G, demands an ultrareliable performance regardless of weather conditions. Such ultrareliable system design will require that the effects of adverse weather events on the communication system have to be computed more accurately so that physical layer compensation should be optimally and dynamically adaptive to such events. The performance of satellite links is severely affected by dynamic rain attenuation, and thus, accurate and reliable modeling of performance parameters is essential for dynamic fade countermeasures, especially above 10 GHz. In this work, we model the energy per bit to noise spectral density ratio ( $E_b/N_0$) using Gaussian mixture (GM) model during rainy events. The developed mathematical expression is used to accurately model the average $E_b/N_0$, bit error rate (BER), outage probability, and ergodic channel capacity of the link. The average BER, upper bound on BER, and average ergodic capacity of an M-ary phase shift keying scheme (MPSK) using the GM model of $E_b/N_0$ are derived to evaluate the performance of the link under such weather impairments. We then show the numerical results and analysis using the GM model of the measured $E_b/N_0$ data obtained with the AMoS-7 satellite at a site located in Israel.