Why Does Grief Hurt?

IF 3.9 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

European Psychologist Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI:10.1027/1016-9040/a000490

D. Moreira, A. Azeredo, Diana Sá Moreira, Marisalva Fávero, Valéria Sousa-Gomes

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract. Grief is a major physical and psychological health concern for adults, as well as a key risk factor for depression. The direct and indirect costs of depression in adults place heavy burdens on societal resources. Indeed, bereavement is a stressful and profound life experience, with the grieving process combining reactions to a loss that may originate in complications for bereaved individuals. The goal of this systematic review is to synthesize the findings regarding depression and grief. Studies related to the topic were obtained from multiple databases through rigorous exclusion and inclusion criteria. Only empirical studies with quantitative methodologies were included. Objectives, sample (type of sample, % male, and age), instruments, and main conclusions were extracted from each study. Overall, there are personality and contextual factors that, in addition to affecting depressive reactions following a loss, may also interface with one’s ability to grieve. Furthermore, after the patient’s death, there was a decrease in depressive symptoms over time, indicating that these symptoms are dynamic. Individuals who experience prolonged grief exhibit depressive symptoms, and those who suffer a loss may have depressive symptoms, but in a natural and non-pathological way, that is, sadness and not depression. Depression tends to decrease over time, with the existence of more children and a focus on occupation.

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为什么悲伤会伤人？

摘要悲伤是成年人主要的生理和心理健康问题，也是抑郁症的一个关键风险因素。成年人抑郁症的直接和间接成本给社会资源带来了沉重的负担。的确，丧亲之痛是一种充满压力和深刻的生活经历，悲伤的过程结合了对失去亲人的人可能产生并发症的反应。本系统综述的目的是综合有关抑郁和悲伤的研究结果。通过严格的排除和纳入标准，从多个数据库中获得与该主题相关的研究。仅包括定量方法的实证研究。从每项研究中提取目的、样本(样本类型、男性百分比和年龄)、工具和主要结论。总的来说，除了影响失去亲人后的抑郁反应外，性格和环境因素也可能与一个人的悲伤能力相关联。此外，患者死后，随着时间的推移，抑郁症状有所减轻，这表明这些症状是动态的。经历长期悲伤的人表现出抑郁症状，而那些遭受损失的人可能会有抑郁症状，但以一种自然和非病理的方式，即悲伤而不是抑郁。随着时间的推移，随着更多孩子的存在和对职业的关注，抑郁症往往会减少。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Psychologist PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The European Psychologist - is a direct source of information regarding both applied and research psychology throughout Europe; - provides both reviews of specific fields and original papers of seminal importance; integrates across subfields and provides easy access to essential state-of-the-art information in all areas within psychology; - provides a European perspective on many dimensions of new work being done elsewhere in psychology; - makes European psychology visible globally; - promotes scientific and professional cooperation among European psychologists; develops the mutual contribution of psychological theory and practice.