Gao-Xian Lin, Moïra Mikolajczak, H. Keller, Ege Akgun, G. Arıkan, K. Aunola, E. Barham, E. Besson, M. A. Blanchard, E. Boujut, M. Brianda, A. Brytek-Matera, Filipa César, Bin-Bin Chen, G. Dorard, Luciana Carla dos Santos Elias, S. Dunsmuir, N. Egorova, M. Escobar, N. Favez, A. Fontaine, H. Foran, Kaichiro Furutani, M. Gannagé, M. Gaspar, L. Godbout, Amit Goldenberg, J. Gross, Maria Ancuta Gurza, Ogma Hatta, Alexandre Heeren, Mai Helmy, M. Huynh, Emérence Kaneza, T. Kawamoto, Nassima Kellou, Bassantéa Lodegaèna Kpassagou, L. Lazarević, S. Le Vigouroux, Astrid Lebert-Charron, V. Leme, C. MacCann, Denisse Manrique-Millones, Oussama Medjahdi, Rosa Bertha Millones Rivalles, María Isabel Miranda Orrego, M. Miscioscia, Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi, Badra Moutassem-Mimouni, H. Murphy, Alexis Ndayizigiye, Tenkue Josué Ngnombouowo, S. Olderbak, Sophie Ornawka, Daniela Oyarce Cadiz, P. Pérez-Díaz, K. Petrides, Alena Prikhidko, Fernando Salinas-Quiroz, M. Santelices, Charlotte Schrooyen, Paola Silva, A. Simonelli, M. Sor
{"title":"Parenting Culture(s): Ideal-Parent Beliefs Across 37 Countries","authors":"Gao-Xian Lin, Moïra Mikolajczak, H. Keller, Ege Akgun, G. Arıkan, K. Aunola, E. Barham, E. Besson, M. A. Blanchard, E. Boujut, M. Brianda, A. Brytek-Matera, Filipa César, Bin-Bin Chen, G. Dorard, Luciana Carla dos Santos Elias, S. Dunsmuir, N. Egorova, M. Escobar, N. Favez, A. Fontaine, H. Foran, Kaichiro Furutani, M. Gannagé, M. Gaspar, L. Godbout, Amit Goldenberg, J. Gross, Maria Ancuta Gurza, Ogma Hatta, Alexandre Heeren, Mai Helmy, M. Huynh, Emérence Kaneza, T. Kawamoto, Nassima Kellou, Bassantéa Lodegaèna Kpassagou, L. Lazarević, S. Le Vigouroux, Astrid Lebert-Charron, V. Leme, C. MacCann, Denisse Manrique-Millones, Oussama Medjahdi, Rosa Bertha Millones Rivalles, María Isabel Miranda Orrego, M. Miscioscia, Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi, Badra Moutassem-Mimouni, H. Murphy, Alexis Ndayizigiye, Tenkue Josué Ngnombouowo, S. Olderbak, Sophie Ornawka, Daniela Oyarce Cadiz, P. Pérez-Díaz, K. Petrides, Alena Prikhidko, Fernando Salinas-Quiroz, M. Santelices, Charlotte Schrooyen, Paola Silva, A. Simonelli, M. Sor","doi":"10.1177/00220221221123043","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"What is it to be “an ideal parent”? Does the answer differ across countries and social classes? To answer these questions in a way that minimizes bias and ethnocentrism, we used open-ended questions to explore ideal-parent beliefs among 8,357 mothers and 3,517 fathers from 37 countries. Leximancer Semantic Network Analysis was utilized to first determine parenting culture zones (i.e., countries with shared ideal-parent beliefs) and then extract the predominant themes and concepts in each culture zone. The results yielded specific types of ideal-parent beliefs in five parenting culture zones: being “responsible and children/family-focused” for Asian parents, being “responsible and proper demeanor-focused” for African parents, and being “loving and responsible” for Hispanic-Italian parents. Although the most important themes and concepts were the same in the final two zones—being “loving and patient,” there were subtle differences: English-speaking, European Union, and Russian parents emphasized “being caring,” while French-speaking parents valued “listening” or being “present.” Ideal-parent beliefs also differed by education levels within culture zones, but no general pattern was discerned across culture zones. These findings suggest that the country in which parents were born cannot fully explain their differences in ideal-parent beliefs and that differences arising from social class or education level cannot be dismissed. Future research should consider how these differences affect the validity of the measurements in question and how they can be incorporated into parenting intervention research within and across cultures.","PeriodicalId":48354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology","volume":"54 1","pages":"4 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"8","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221221123043","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Abstract
What is it to be “an ideal parent”? Does the answer differ across countries and social classes? To answer these questions in a way that minimizes bias and ethnocentrism, we used open-ended questions to explore ideal-parent beliefs among 8,357 mothers and 3,517 fathers from 37 countries. Leximancer Semantic Network Analysis was utilized to first determine parenting culture zones (i.e., countries with shared ideal-parent beliefs) and then extract the predominant themes and concepts in each culture zone. The results yielded specific types of ideal-parent beliefs in five parenting culture zones: being “responsible and children/family-focused” for Asian parents, being “responsible and proper demeanor-focused” for African parents, and being “loving and responsible” for Hispanic-Italian parents. Although the most important themes and concepts were the same in the final two zones—being “loving and patient,” there were subtle differences: English-speaking, European Union, and Russian parents emphasized “being caring,” while French-speaking parents valued “listening” or being “present.” Ideal-parent beliefs also differed by education levels within culture zones, but no general pattern was discerned across culture zones. These findings suggest that the country in which parents were born cannot fully explain their differences in ideal-parent beliefs and that differences arising from social class or education level cannot be dismissed. Future research should consider how these differences affect the validity of the measurements in question and how they can be incorporated into parenting intervention research within and across cultures.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from either cross-cultural comparative research or results from other types of research concerning the ways in which culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affect the thinking and behavior of individuals as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory will also be considered. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.