The Real World is the Ingroup World: A Normative Explanation of Response-Scale Effects in the Subjective Report of Behaviors

IF 2 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI:10.5334/irsp.426

F. Lorenzi‐Cioldi, Vincenzo Iacoviello, C. Kulich

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The ranges of response alternatives presented in frequency scales influence respondents’ behavioral estimates. This research aimed at complementing the existing cognitive interpretations of this scale effect (e.g., Schwarz, 1994). We propose a normative interpretation, according to which targets associated with generic behavioral norms, and with ingroup norms, lead participants to rely more strongly on the scale’s frequency properties. Studies 1–2 showed stronger scale effects when participants reported behaviors over an extended (vs. short) time period, specifically when they reported behaviors of themselves (vs. people in general). Studies 3–6 showed that the use of a scale’s properties in self-reports increased when participants were led to believe that the scale’s frequency alternatives mirrored typical ingroup (vs. outgroup) behaviors. Finally, Study 7 demonstrated the role of ingroup identification in the production of these scale effects. Collectively, these findings suggest that behavioral estimates based on shared norms override memory scanning when behavior is difficult to retrieve, and when relevant ingroup information is available.

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真实世界是群体世界——行为主观报告中反应量表效应的规范解释

在频率量表中提出的反应选择范围影响被调查者的行为估计。本研究旨在补充现有的对这种规模效应的认知解释(例如，Schwarz, 1994)。我们提出了一种规范性解释，根据这种解释，与一般行为规范和群体内规范相关的目标，导致参与者更强烈地依赖于量表的频率属性。研究1-2表明，当参与者在较长时间内(相对于较短时间)报告行为时，特别是当他们报告自己的行为时(相对于一般人)，规模效应更强。研究3-6表明，当参与者被引导相信量表的频率选择反映了典型的内群体(相对于外群体)行为时，量表属性在自我报告中的使用就会增加。最后，研究7证明了内群体认同在这些规模效应的产生中所起的作用。总的来说，这些发现表明，当行为难以检索时，以及当相关的群体信息可用时，基于共享规范的行为估计优于记忆扫描。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Review of Social Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Review of Social Psychology (IRSP) is supported by the Association pour la Diffusion de la Recherche Internationale en Psychologie Sociale (A.D.R.I.P.S.). The International Review of Social Psychology publishes empirical research and theoretical notes in all areas of social psychology. Articles are written preferably in English but can also be written in French. The journal was created to reflect research advances in a field where theoretical and fundamental questions inevitably convey social significance and implications. It emphasizes scientific quality of its publications in every area of social psychology. Any kind of research can be considered, as long as the results significantly enhance the understanding of a general social psychological phenomenon and the methodology is appropriate.