Notes on the Invention of the First Gun: Conflict and Innovation in the Song Warring States Period (960-1279)

IF 0.1 0 ASIAN STUDIES

Journal of Chinese Military History Pub Date : 2019-05-17 DOI:10.1163/22127453-12341337

Benjamin Avichai Katz Sinvany

引用次数: 1

Abstract

The invention of gunpowder and its first military applications during the Song Warring States period (960-1279) led directly to the invention of the first gun sometime in the thirteenth century. Intense interstate conflict during this period encouraged the Song and its neighbors to experiment with new weapons, as seen by the publication of the Song military text Wujing zongyao in 1044 AD at the end of the Sino-Tangut wars (1040-1045). For the duration of the Song period, aggressive neighbors such as the Khitan Liao (916-1125), the Tangut Xia (1038-1227), the Jurchen Jin (1115-1234), and the Mongols (1190s-1368) shaped Song borders and early gunpowder experimentation. This article uses a geographic information system to examine resource distribution in conjunction with an analysis of the rate of conflict in the East Asian region during the Song Warring States period.

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第一枪发明札记：宋战国时期的冲突与创新（960—1279）

火药的发明及其在宋代战国时期（960年-1279年）的首次军事应用直接导致了13世纪第一门火炮的发明。这一时期激烈的州际冲突鼓励了宋及其邻国试验新武器，正如公元1044年中唐战争（1040-1045）结束时出版的宋军事文本《武经宗要》所示。在宋时期，侵略性的邻国，如契丹辽（916-1125）、夏（1038-1227）、女真金（1115-1234）和蒙古人（1190-1368），形成了宋的边界和早期的火药实验。本文使用地理信息系统来考察资源分布，并分析宋战国时期东亚地区的冲突率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Chinese Military History Arts and Humanities-History

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0.20

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期刊介绍： The Journal of Chinese Military History (JCMH) is a peer-reviewed semi-annual that publishes research articles and book reviews. It aims to fill the need for a journal devoted specifically to China''s martial past and takes the broadest possible view of military history, embracing both the study of battles and campaigns and the broader, social-history oriented approaches that have become known as "the new military history." It aims to publish a balanced mix of articles representing a variety of approaches to both modern and pre-modern Chinese military history. The journal also welcomes comparative and theoretical work as well as studies of the military interactions between China and other states and peoples, including East Asian neighbors such as Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.