Sublethal effects of kleptoparasitism on experimental social spider colonies

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Samantha Straus, Leticia Avilés
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Abstract

A defining feature of parasitism is the harm parasites cause to their host via a reduction in lifetime reproductive success. Harm, also referred to as “virulence,” may involve host mortality or sublethal effects, such as a decreased body condition or protracted development of immature individuals. We considered a system where colonies of the social spider Anelosimus eximius serve as hosts to confamilial kleptoparasitic spiders that steal food resources. In a laboratory experiment with parasitized and non-parasitized colonies, we tested whether this host–parasite interaction meets the criterium of harm to host individuals and colonies. We assessed survival and measured scaled mass indices (SMI) before and after the experimental period. Linear mixed effects models demonstrated that colonies exposed to kleptoparasites had lower SMI values at the end of the experiment compared to controls, but found no effect of kleptoparasitism on mortality in treatment and control groups. We conclude that kleptoparasites meet the criterium of harm to their host to be considered parasitic and provide the first empirical measure of virulence for this study system.

Abstract Image

盗寄生对实验性社会性蜘蛛群落的亚致死效应
寄生的一个决定性特征是寄生虫通过降低其宿主一生的繁殖成功率而对其造成伤害。危害,也称为“毒力”,可能涉及宿主死亡或亚致死效应,如身体状况下降或未成熟个体发育迟缓。我们考虑了一个系统,在这个系统中,群居蜘蛛Anelosimus eximius作为宿主,为家族偷窃蛛提供食物资源。通过对被寄生和未被寄生菌落的室内实验,我们测试了这种宿主-寄生虫相互作用是否符合对宿主个体和菌落的危害标准。我们在实验前后评估了生存率并测量了比例质量指数(SMI)。线性混合效应模型表明,与对照组相比,暴露于盗寄生虫的菌落在实验结束时的SMI值较低,但在治疗组和对照组中没有发现盗寄生虫对死亡率的影响。我们得出结论,盗窃寄生虫符合对其宿主的危害标准,被认为是寄生虫,并为该研究系统提供了第一个毒力的经验测量。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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