Early physiotherapy and chest wall oscillation in patients with COVID-19 disease at the intensive care unit: a pilot clinical trial

Abstract

Over the past few years, the early mobilization and rehabilitation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) has drawn a lot of interest from the clinical and scientific communities. An interdisciplinary team treating patients suffering from serious conditions should include physiotherapy. Additionally, physiotherapy is utilized to treat and prevent the side effects of extended immobility or sleep, as well as to improve respiratory function. The purpose is to improve residual functionality; to avoid new and repeated hospitalizations; to improve health and quality of life. Exercises for the entire body (including early in-bed cycling), specialized breathing exercises, chest mobilization, relief help, drainage postures, vibration, verticalization, and passive movements are all crucial components of COVID-19 physiotherapy. Our goal was to evaluate the changes of functional condition of patients with COVID-19 in the acute stage using different physiotherapy methods: complex measures against mono therapy. In the research, 28 subjects (15 men and 13 women) were involved. A total of 84 physiotherapy procedures were performed. In the first group, breathing exercises and chest wall oscillation were applied, in the second group – only chest wall oscillation. Respiratory physiotherapy (breathing exercises) plays an important role in reducing and preventing respiratory complications in COVID-19 patients treated at ICU. Early mobilization and chest wall oscillation are beneficial in COVID-19 patients. We note that we are the first to conduct an evidence-based study of physiotherapy in intensive care with COVID-19 patients. We hope that our pilot clinical trial gives opportunity to future researches.