VARIACIÓN SOCIOFONÉTICA DEL ESPAÑOL DE CHILE: PERCEPCIONES SUBJETIVAS DE FUTUROS PROFESORES DEL SISTEMA ESCOLAR

Abstract

Resumen: El presente trabajo, de tipo cuantitativo, aborda las valoraciones subjetivas que estudiantes de pedagogias otorgan a distintas realizaciones de /tr/, /r/, /tf/ y /j/. La muestra estuvo constituida por una seleccion aleatoria de estudiantes de distintas pedagogias de una universidad estatal. Para la recoleccion de datos, se utilizo la tecnica de pares falsos, aproximacion indirecta que encubre parcialmente el fenomeno de estudio. Entre los resultados mas relevantes, se observa una aceptacion parcial del a y la tendencia desaprobatoria de aquellas realizaciones polemicas seguidas de vocales. Como conclusion, se plantea la necesidad de estudiar los fenomenos foneticos considerando factores contextuales, ideologicos y sociohistoricos, en tanto que su significado se construye en medio de la actividad social. Abstract: This quantitative study analized the subjetive evaluations of students of teacher-training programmes about different allophones of /tr/, /r/, /tf/ y /j/. The sample was comprised of a random selection of students from different teacher-training programmes from a Chilean state university. The matched-guise technique was adopted for data collection in order to partially conceal the phenomenon under study. Among the most relvant findings, partial accpetance of allophone [S] is reported, as well as an apparent imperceptibility of the substitution of trill [r] for fricative[i], and tendency towards the disapproval of controversial allophones followed by vowels. In conclusion, it is suggested that phonetic phenomena should be explored taking into consideration contextual, ideological and socio-historical factors, as they build their meaning in the middle of social activity.