Biomarkers of Anxiety Acquisition and Generalization in Virtual Reality Experiments

IF 0.6 4区心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie Und Psychotherapie Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI:10.1026/1616-3443/a000658

Hannah Genheimer, P. Pauli, M. Andreatta

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Abstract

Abstract. Anxiety disorders are characterized by exaggerated responses to a threatening situation and overgeneralization. Context conditioning has been used for the identification of risk factors. This systematic literature search identifies 16 articles published between 1990 and 2021 on differential anxiety conditioning and generalization in humans. Additionally, we provide example data for individuals suffering from panic attacks with and without depressive symptoms. Successful anxiety acquisition (discrimination between anxiety and safety context) was found on the subjective level of anxiety and US-expectancy, on the physiological level of electrodermal activity, and in the defensive behavior of startle response. Anxiety generalization (discrimination between generalization and safety context) was found on the verbal but not on the physiobehavioral level. In sum, we emphasize the impact of virtual reality on anxiety research. Verbal and physiobehavioral responses serve as reliable biomarkers for anxiety. Few studies found ratings to be the best predictor for anxiety generalization. Genetic predisposition or personality traits might foster overgeneralization.

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虚拟现实实验中焦虑获取和泛化的生物标志物

摘要焦虑症的特点是对威胁情境的过度反应和过度概括。语境条件作用已被用于识别风险因素。这项系统的文献检索确定了1990年至2021年间发表的16篇关于人类差异性焦虑条件反射和概括的文章。此外，我们还提供了有或没有抑郁症状的恐慌症患者的示例数据。在焦虑和US预期的主观水平、皮肤电活动的生理水平以及惊吓反应的防御行为中，都发现了成功的焦虑获得（焦虑和安全上下文之间的区别）。焦虑泛化（泛化和安全上下文之间的区别）是在言语层面上发现的，而不是在生理行为层面上。总之，我们强调了虚拟现实对焦虑研究的影响。言语和生理行为反应是焦虑的可靠生物标志物。很少有研究发现评分是焦虑泛化的最佳预测指标。遗传倾向或性格特征可能会助长过度概括。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie Und Psychotherapie PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs) zugleich Organ der Fachgruppen Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs), der Sektion Klinische Psychologie im Berufsverband Deutscher Psychologinnen und Psychologen (BDP), der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verhaltenstherapie e.V. (DGVT), der Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Gesprächspsychotherapie e.V. (GWG), der Sektion Klinische Psychologie im Berufsverband Österreichischer Psychologinnen und Psychologen (B.Ö.P.) und der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für VerhaltensModifikation e.V. (AVM)