Primary Renal Leiomyosarcoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Renal leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor. On clinical presentation and radio imaging it is challenging to make an accurate preoperative diagnosis. In our case, a 59-year-old female presented with history of left-sided flank pain, intermittent hematuria and weight loss of 6 months duration. She was known case of hypertension and diabetes mellitus of 20 years and on regular treatment. On the abdomino-pelvis sonography showed an exophytic cortical mass lesion measuring 4.0 x 3.8 cm lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging abdomen and pelvis (plain) shows a well defined non encapsulated exophytic predominantly solid mass lesion measuring 4.3 x 4 x 4.5 cm is noted in the anterior cortex of left kidney at interpolar region. There was no evidence of any regionalor distant metastesis. Patient underwent left radical nephrectomy. On histopathology reported as renal leiomyosarcoma. Immuhistochemistry showed smooth muscle actin diffusely and desmin focally positive. We present this review of rare case of primary renal leiomyosarcoma for its clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and pathologic features.