Environmental deterrence in developing countries: evidence from enforcement actions and fines under the toxics monitoring program of Mexico

IF 2.2 4区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI:10.1017/S1355770X22000055

L. Chakraborti

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract In this study we investigate the effectiveness of environmental regulation in a large developing country. We construct a panel of 3,436 major toxics polluters from 2004 to 2015 using detailed plant-specific data on toxics releases, inspections, and fines, across Mexico. Our results show that regulators target polluters who are significantly non-compliant and impose higher fines on them. This has implications for the cost efficiency of monitoring and regulatory enforcement. An additional priority violation increases current toxics inspections, fines, and amount of fines by 7, 5 and 18 per cent, respectively. An additional priority violation followed by fines imposed on the plant results in a reduction in annual toxics releases by more than 50 per cent. Higher fines imposed on other major facilities in the same municipality induce plants to reduce the annual release of toxic pollutants by 0.1 per cent. Finally, inspections and fines increase the likelihood of reporting toxics releases.

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发展中国家的环境威慑：墨西哥有毒物质监测项目下执法行动和罚款的证据

摘要在本研究中，我们调查了一个发展中大国环境监管的有效性。我们利用墨西哥各地工厂有毒物质排放、检查和罚款的详细数据，构建了一个包含2004年至2015年3436家主要有毒物质污染者的小组。我们的研究结果表明，监管机构会针对明显不合规的污染企业，对其处以更高的罚款。这对监测和监管执法的成本效率有影响。一项额外的优先违规行为使目前的有毒物质检查、罚款和罚款金额分别增加了7.5%、5%和18%。在对工厂施加罚款之后，对工厂施加额外的优先违规行为，导致每年有毒物质排放量减少50%以上。对同一城市的其他主要设施施加更高的罚款，促使工厂将有毒污染物的年排放量减少0.1%。最后，检查和罚款增加了报告有毒物质排放的可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environment and Development Economics Multiple-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Environment and Development Economics is positioned at the intersection of environmental, resource and development economics. The Editor and Associate Editors, supported by a distinguished panel of advisors from around the world, aim to encourage submissions from researchers in the field in both developed and developing countries. The Journal is divided into two main sections, Theory and Applications, which includes regular academic papers and Policy Options, which includes papers that may be of interest to the wider policy community. Environment and Development Economics also publishes occasional Policy Fora (discussions based on a focal paper). From time to time the journal publishes special issues based on a particular theme.