Motive-Specific Affective Contingencies and Their Relevance for Personality and Motivated Behavior

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Michael Dufner, Franziska Wieg, Livia Kraft, Stathis Grapsas, Birk Hagemeyer
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Abstract

Individuals differ in the tendency to derive pleasure out of motive-specific incentives, such as being socially included or attaining power. Multiple theoretical approaches have proposed that such motive-specific positive affective contingencies (PACs) are central building blocks of motive dispositions and personality more broadly. In the current research, we put this claim to test and investigated individual differences with regard to motive-specific PACs in the affiliation and power domains. We measured PACs via spontaneous emotional reactions to motive-specific cues, as assessed by affect ratings and electromyographic (EMG) recordings of smile responses. Both of these PAC operationalizations were highly internally consistent and moderately to highly stable across time. Furthermore, motive-specific PACs were linked in a manner consistent with theory to measures of motive dispositions and to personality traits with motivational underpinnings (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, and narcissism). Finally, in the affiliation domain, motive-specific PACs were linked to objectively assessed, key motivational outcomes (i.e., attentional orientation, behavior in daily life, and in the laboratory). Taken together, the findings underscore the relevance of affective contingencies for the understanding of personality and motivated behavior.
动机特异性情感随变及其与人格和动机行为的关系
个体从特定动机中获得快乐的倾向是不同的,比如被社会接纳或获得权力。多种理论方法提出,这种动机特异性的积极情感随变(pac)是更广泛意义上的动机倾向和人格的核心组成部分。在当前的研究中,我们将这一主张进行检验,并调查了在隶属关系和权力领域中动机特异性pac的个体差异。我们通过对动机特定线索的自发情绪反应来测量pac,并通过影响评级和微笑反应的肌电图(EMG)记录进行评估。这两种PAC操作在内部都是高度一致的,并且随着时间的推移具有中等到高度的稳定性。此外,动机特异性pac以一种与理论一致的方式与动机倾向的测量和具有动机基础的人格特征(即外向性、亲和性和自恋性)联系在一起。最后,在隶属关系领域,动机特异性pac与客观评估的关键动机结果(即注意取向、日常生活和实验室中的行为)相关联。综上所述,这些发现强调了情感偶然性与理解人格和动机行为的相关性。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Personality
European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.50%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
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