Technological Change, Tasks and Class Inequality in Europe

IF 2.7 3区管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Work Employment and Society Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI:10.1177/09500170231155783

Carlos J. Gil-Hernández, Guillem Vidal, Sergio Torrejón Perez

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Neo-Weberian occupational class schemas, rooted in industrial-age employment relations, are a standard socio-economic position measure in social stratification. Previous research highlighted Erikson-Goldthorpe-Portocarero (EGP)-based schemas’ difficulties in keeping up with changing labour markets, but few tested alternative explanations. This article explores how job tasks linked to technological change and rising economic inequality might confound the links between employment relations, classes, and life chances. Using the European Working Conditions Survey covering the European Union (EU)-27 countries, this article analyses over time and by gender: 1) the task distribution between social classes; and 2) whether tasks predict class membership and life chances. Decomposition analyses suggest that tasks explain class membership and wage inequality better than theorised employment relations. However, intellectual/routine tasks and digital tools driving income inequality are well-stratified by occupational classes. Therefore, this article does not argue for a class (schema) revolution but for fine-tuning the old instrument to portray market inequalities in the digital age.

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欧洲的技术变革、任务和阶级不平等

新韦伯职业阶级模式植根于工业时代的就业关系，是社会分层中标准的社会经济地位衡量标准。先前的研究强调了基于Erikson Goldthorpe Portocarero（EGP）的图式在跟上不断变化的劳动力市场方面的困难，但很少有人测试其他解释。本文探讨了与技术变革和经济不平等加剧相关的工作任务如何混淆就业关系、阶级和生活机会之间的联系。本文利用覆盖欧盟27个国家的欧洲工作条件调查，按时间和性别分析：1）社会阶层之间的任务分配；以及2）任务是否预测阶级成员和生活机会。分解分析表明，任务比理论化的就业关系更能解释阶级成员和工资不平等。然而，导致收入不平等的智力/日常任务和数字工具按职业类别划分得很好。因此，本文并不主张阶级（模式）革命，而是对旧工具进行微调，以描绘数字时代的市场不平等。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Work Employment and Society Multiple-

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

13.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Work, Employment and Society (WES) is a leading international peer reviewed journal of the British Sociological Association which publishes theoretically informed and original research on the sociology of work. Work, Employment and Society covers all aspects of work, employment and unemployment and their connections with wider social processes and social structures. The journal is sociologically orientated but welcomes contributions from other disciplines which addresses the issues in a way that informs less debated aspects of the journal"s remit, such as unpaid labour and the informal economy.