Anti-tumoral activity of Allium roseum compounds on breast cancer cells MCF7 and MDA-MB231

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and a main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two main challenges to the prevention and treatment of breast cancer are first, the high mortality due to limited accesses to the medicines with the low budgets for health; second, the erratic and drug-resistance resulting in adverse reactions to conventional therapies medicines. Alternatively, there is an expansion of medicinal plant-based production to develop anti-cancer drug, which is processed from a medicinal plant grown locally. Tunisian Allium roseum (AR) have received considerable attention and harbours active flavonoid and phenolic compounds, which are known for owning a large variety of biological activities. In this regard this current study was designated to explore the anti-cancer potential of AR ingredient. The AR ingredient was found cytotoxic on human breast cancer cell lines MCF7 (IC₅₀ = 3.936 10^–4 g/ml) and MDA-MB231 (IC₅₀ = 3.052 10^–4 g/ml). Interestingly, AR abolished the cell migration and reduced the invasion of the breast cancer cell lines. However, the proliferation was strongly delayed for MCF7 than MDA-MB231 with cell index values of 0.12 and 1.32, respectively. The AR functional ingredient is harbouring seven major flavonoid and phenolic components, which were used to test their anti-tumoral potential. These results bring additional evidence that AR, as herbal bioresources have strong antitumor potential agent against breast carcinogenesis. Hence, discoveries related to personalized herbal medicine beneficiates the precision medicine.