Intake of nanoparticles and impact on gut microbiota: in vitro and animal models available for testing.

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2021-12-28 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2021.5
Débora Campos, Ricardo Goméz-García, Diana Oliveira, Ana Raquel Madureira
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Abstract

The oral delivery of compounds associated with diet or medication have an impact on the gut microbiota balance, which in turn, influences the physiologic process. Several reports have shown significant advances in clarifying the impact, interactions and outcomes of oral intake of nanoparticles and the human gut. These interactions may affect the bioavailability of the delivered compounds. In addition, there is a considerable breakthrough in the development of antimicrobial nanoparticles for intestinal pathogenic bacteria. Several in vitro fermentation and in vivo models have been developed throughout the years and were used to test these systems. The methodologies and studies carried out so far on the modulation of human and animal gut microbiome by oral delivery nanosized materials were reviewed. Overall, the available in vitro studies mimic the real physiological events enabling to select the best production conditions of nanoparticulate systems in a preliminary stage of research. On the other hand, animal studies can be used to access the dosage effect, safety and correlation between haematological, biochemical and symptoms, with gut microbiota groups and metabolites.

纳米颗粒的摄入和对肠道微生物群的影响:可供测试的体外和动物模型
与饮食或药物相关的化合物口服给药会影响肠道菌群平衡,进而影响生理过程。几份报告显示,在阐明口服纳米颗粒与人体肠道的影响、相互作用和结果方面取得了重大进展。这些相互作用可能影响所递送化合物的生物利用度。此外,肠道致病菌抗菌纳米颗粒的开发也有相当大的突破。多年来,已经开发了几种体外发酵和体内模型,并用于测试这些系统。综述了迄今为止通过口服纳米材料调节人类和动物肠道微生物组的方法和研究。总的来说,现有的体外研究模拟了真实的生理事件,能够在初步研究阶段选择纳米颗粒系统的最佳生产条件。另一方面,动物研究可用于获得剂量效应、安全性以及血液学、生化和症状与肠道微生物群和代谢物之间的相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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