Does apparent temperature modify the effects of air pollution on respiratory disease hospital admissions in an industrial area of South Africa?

Q3 Environmental Science

Clean Air Journal Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI:10.17159/caj/2021/31/2.11366

B. Olutola, J. Wichmann

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Background: Temperature and air pollution are often treated as separate risk factors and very few studies have investigated effect modification by temperature on air pollution, and the impact of this interaction on human health in Africa. This study therefore investigated the modifying effects of temperature on the association between air pollution and Respiratory disease (RD) hospital admission in South Africa. Methods: RD admission data (ICD10 J00-J99) were obtained from two hospitals located in Secunda, South Africa beween 1 January 2011 to 31 October 2016. NO2, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, temperature and relative humidity data were obtained from the South African Weather Services. A case-crossover epidemiological study design was applied and lag0-1 was used. Models were adjusted for public holidays and Apparent Temperature (Tapp). Tapp was classified as warm (Tapp>75th percentile), cold (Tapp<25th percentile) and normal (Tapp 25th-75th percentile). Results: Of the 14 568 RD admissions, approximately equal number of females and males were admitted. The average daily NO2, SO2, PM2.5 and PM10 levels were 12.4 μm/m3, 8.5 μm/m3, 32.3 μm/m3 and 68.6 μm/m3, respectively. Overall, a 10 μm/m3 increase in SO2 on warm days was associated with an increase in RD hospital admissions among the patients by 8.5% (95% Conf. Int: 0.4%, 17.2%) and 8.4% (95% Conf. Int: 0.3%, 17.1%) after adjustment for PM2.5 and PM10 respectively. However, increasing PM2.5 or PM10 by 10 μm/m3 was associated with an increase in RD hospital admissions when the temperature was normal after adjusting for SO2. On cold days there were significant associations between the SO2 and RD admissions among the 0-14 year age group after adjusting for either PM2.5 (6.5%; 95% Conf.Int: 0.9%, 12.4%) or PM10 (5.5%; 95% Conf.Int: 0.3%, 11.1%). Conclusions: SO2 was affected by extremes of temperature while the particulate matters had effect on RD admission during normal temperature in Secunda.

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在南非的一个工业区，明显的温度是否会改变空气污染对呼吸系统疾病住院的影响？

背景:温度和空气污染通常被视为单独的风险因素，很少有研究调查温度对空气污染的影响变化，以及这种相互作用对非洲人类健康的影响。因此，本研究调查了温度对南非空气污染与呼吸系统疾病(RD)住院之间关系的调节作用。方法:获取2011年1月1日至2016年10月31日南非Secunda两家医院RD入院数据(ICD10 J00-J99)。NO2、SO2、PM10、PM2.5、温度和相对湿度数据来自南非气象局。采用病例交叉流行病学研究设计，采用lag0-1。模型根据公众假期和视温(Tapp)进行了调整。Tapp分为暖(Tapp bb0 75百分位)、冷(Tapp<25百分位)和正常(Tapp 25 -75百分位)。结果:在14568名RD入院患者中，男女入院人数大致相等。日均NO2、SO2、PM2.5和PM10水平分别为12.4 μm/m3、8.5 μm/m3、32.3 μm/m3和68.6 μm/m3。总体而言，在调整PM2.5和PM10后，温暖天气中SO2浓度每增加10 μm/m3，患者RD住院率分别增加8.5% (95% Conf. Int: 0.4%， 17.2%)和8.4% (95% Conf. Int: 0.3%， 17.1%)。然而，当SO2调整后温度正常时，PM2.5或PM10每增加10 μm/m3与RD住院人数增加有关。在寒冷的日子里，0-14岁年龄组的SO2和RD入院人数在调整PM2.5 (6.5%;95%对照:0.9%，12.4%)或PM10 (5.5%;95%对照:0.3%，11.1%)。结论:极端温度对SO2有影响，常温下颗粒物对RD有影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clean Air Journal Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Clean Air Journal is the official publication of the National Association for Clean Air, a not-for-profit organisation. Clean Air Journal is a peer-reviewed journal for those interested in air quality, air quality management, and the impacts of air pollution relevant to Africa. The focus of the journal includes, but is not limited to: Impacts of human activities and natural processes on ambient air quality Air quality and climate change linkages Air pollution mitigation technologies and applications Matters of public policy regarding air quality management Measurement and analysis of ambient and indoor air pollution Atmospheric modelling application and development Atmospheric emissions Other topics on atmospheric physics or chemistry with particular relevance to Africa The scope of the journal is broad, but the core theme of the journal is air quality in Africa.