A Port by Any Other Name: A Preliminary Spatial Analysis of Ancient Infrastructural Landscapes and Settlement Organization at Macurany, Brazil

IF 1.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY
M. G. Ellis, Anna T. Browne Ribeiro, M. Carvalho, C. Fisher
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Abstract

Complex human–environmental processes form identifiable, lasting features on the landscape that can illuminate past human behavior and human–environment interactions. We examine the anthropogenic landscape of the ancient port of Macurany, located along the middle Amazon River in Parintins, Brazil, and identify four classes of anthropogenic landscape features at the site: wharfs, middens, terra preta (dark or black earths), and cultural forests. Middens, terra preta, and cultural forests have been found at archaeological sites in regions surrounding Macurany, but wharfs have not previously been reported in Amazonian contexts predating European contact. Taken together, these features are clearly the result of anthropogenesis and represent a range of subsistence, settlement, and infrastructure-building activities pointing to an ancient society that was actively engaged in modifying the surrounding landscape for purposes beyond settlement and subsistence. Evidence for a permanent, extensive, continuously settled society practicing intensive landscape engineering in this region of Amazonia reinforces findings of dense habitation, infrastructure, and early urbanization in Amazonia prior to European contact. This research helps expand our understanding of human–environment interactions, landscape formation processes, and settlement organization in ancient Amazonia.
另一个名称的港口:巴西Macurany古代基础设施景观和聚落组织的初步空间分析
复杂的人与环境过程在景观上形成了可识别的、持久的特征,可以阐明过去的人类行为和人与环境的相互作用。我们研究了位于巴西帕林廷斯亚马逊河中游的Macurany古港口的人为景观,并确定了该遗址的四类人为景观特征:码头、码头、土地(深色或黑土)和文化森林。在麦库拉尼周围地区的考古遗址中发现了沼泽、土地和文化森林,但在欧洲人接触之前,亚马逊地区还没有发现码头的报道。综上所述,这些特征显然是人类活动的结果,代表了一系列的生存、定居和基础设施建设活动,表明古代社会积极参与改变周围景观,以达到定居和生存之外的目的。在亚马逊地区有一个永久的、广泛的、持续定居的社会实践密集的景观工程的证据,强化了在欧洲人接触之前亚马逊地区密集居住、基础设施和早期城市化的发现。这项研究有助于拓展我们对古亚马逊地区人类与环境相互作用、景观形成过程和聚落组织的理解。
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CiteScore
2.00
自引率
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发文量
75
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