Sexual Health Knowledge and Sexual Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Sexual Risk Behaviors in Women

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Psychology of Women Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI:10.1177/03616843231172183

Danielle C. Richner, Shannon M. Lynch

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Abstract

According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), the proportion of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnoses among women in the United States has more than doubled between 1984 and 2019 and rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in all individuals increased 30% between 2015 and 2019. Further, the CDC has designated women ages 13 to 44 years as a group vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and STD infection, in part due to frequency of engaging in sexual risk behaviors. Sexual self-efficacy is associated with decreased sexual risk behaviors and counters norms that emphasize passivity and compliance as traditional sexual behavior in women. In the current study, we assessed knowledge of HIV and STD transmission and risk factors, sexual self-efficacy, and frequency of sexual risk behaviors in 281 woman-identified respondents aged 18–44 years in an online survey. Knowledge of HIV and STDs was low (averages of 63.3% and 49.9%, respectively). Younger women, and women who identified as single, White, and/or LGBTQ+ reported more sexual risk behaviors. HIV knowledge and sexual self-efficacy were independently associated with fewer risk behaviors and significantly interacted to predict sexual risk behaviors. STD knowledge and sexual self-efficacy were independently associated with fewer sexual risk behaviors. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive, widespread, and identity-inclusive sexual health education.

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性健康知识和性自我效能感对女性性危险行为的影响

根据美国疾病控制中心（CDC）的数据，1984年至2019年间，美国女性被诊断为获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的比例增加了一倍多，2015年至2019年，所有人的性传播疾病（STD）发病率增加了30%。此外，美国疾病控制与预防中心已将13至44岁的女性指定为易受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和性传播疾病感染的群体，部分原因是她们经常从事性风险行为。性自我效能感与性风险行为的减少有关，并与强调被动和顺从作为女性传统性行为的规范相反。在目前的研究中，我们在一项在线调查中评估了281名年龄在18-44岁的女性受访者对艾滋病毒和性传播疾病的知识、风险因素、性自我效能感和性风险行为的频率。对艾滋病毒和性传播疾病的了解程度较低（平均分别为63.3%和49.9%）。年轻女性以及单身、白人和/或LGBTQ+女性报告了更多的性风险行为。HIV知识和性自我效能感与较少的风险行为独立相关，并显著相互作用预测性风险行为。性病知识和性自我效能感与较少的性风险行为独立相关。这些发现强调了全面、广泛和包容身份的性健康教育的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychology of Women Quarterly Multiple-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Psychology of Women Quarterly (PWQ) is a feminist, scientific, peer-reviewed journal that publishes empirical research, critical reviews and theoretical articles that advance a field of inquiry, teaching briefs, and invited book reviews related to the psychology of women and gender. Topics include (but are not limited to) feminist approaches, methodologies, and critiques; violence against women; body image and objectification; sexism, stereotyping, and discrimination; intersectionality of gender with other social locations (such as age, ability status, class, ethnicity, race, and sexual orientation); international concerns; lifespan development and change; physical and mental well being; therapeutic interventions; sexuality; social activism; and career development. This journal will be of interest to clinicians, faculty, and researchers in all psychology disciplines, as well as those interested in the sociology of gender, women’s studies, interpersonal violence, ethnic and multicultural studies, social advocates, policy makers, and teacher education.