Understanding the nitrolipidome: From chemistry to mass spectrometry and biological significance of modified complex lipids

IF 14 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Bruna Neves , Dolores Pérez-Sala , Helena Beatriz Ferreira , Inês M.S. Guerra , Ana S.P. Moreira , Pedro Domingues , M. Rosário Domingues , Tânia Melo
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Complex lipids, phospholipids (PLs) and triacylglycerides (TAGs), are prone to modifications induced by reactive nitrated species and reactive oxygen species, generating a range of nitrated, nitrosated or nitroxidized derivatives, as nitro PLs and nitro TAGs. These modified lipids (epilipids) have been reported in vitro and in vivo using lipidomics approaches. However, their detection in living systems remains a challenge hampered by its complexity, high structural diversity, and low abundance. The advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with the higher sensitivity of the instruments like Orbitrap-based mass spectrometers opened new opportunities for the detection of these modified complex lipids. This review summarizes the challenges and findings behind the identification of nitrated, nitrosated and nitroxidized PLs and TAGs fragmentation fingerprints based on collision-induced dissociation (CID) and higher energy CID (HCD) MS/MS approaches. Following what has already been reported for nitrated fatty acids, these complex lipids are found to act as endogenous mediators with potential electrophilic properties and can express bioactivities such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. This information can be used to design untargeted and targeted lipidomics strategies for these modified complex lipids in biological samples as well as in pathological, food and industrial settings, further unveiling their biological and signalling roles.

了解硝基脂质体:从化学到质谱分析和修饰复合脂质的生物学意义
复杂的脂类,磷脂(PLs)和三酰基甘油酯(TAGs)容易被活性硝化物和活性氧诱导修饰,产生一系列硝化、亚硝化或氮氧化衍生物,如硝基PLs和硝基TAGs。这些修饰的脂质(脂质)已经在体外和体内使用脂质组学方法进行了报道。然而,由于其复杂性、高结构多样性和低丰度,它们在生命系统中的检测仍然是一个挑战。高分辨率质谱技术的进步,加上轨道谱仪等仪器的高灵敏度,为检测这些修饰的复杂脂质开辟了新的机会。本文综述了基于碰撞诱导解离(CID)和高能CID (HCD) MS/MS方法鉴定硝化、亚硝化和氮氧化PLs和TAGs碎片指纹的挑战和发现。根据已经报道的硝化脂肪酸,这些复杂的脂质被发现作为内源性介质具有潜在的亲电特性,并能表达生物活性,如抗炎和抗氧化作用。这些信息可用于为生物样品以及病理、食品和工业环境中的这些修饰的复杂脂质设计非靶向和靶向脂质组学策略,进一步揭示其生物学和信号作用。
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来源期刊
Progress in lipid research
Progress in lipid research 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
24.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
37
审稿时长
14.6 weeks
期刊介绍: The significance of lipids as a fundamental category of biological compounds has been widely acknowledged. The utilization of our understanding in the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, and physiology of lipids has continued to grow in biotechnology, the fats and oils industry, and medicine. Moreover, new aspects such as lipid biophysics, particularly related to membranes and lipoproteins, as well as basic research and applications of liposomes, have emerged. To keep up with these advancements, there is a need for a journal that can evaluate recent progress in specific areas and provide a historical perspective on current research. Progress in Lipid Research serves this purpose.
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