A shield of defense: Developing ballistic composite panels with effective electromagnetic interference shielding absorption

IF 5 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Nisrin Rizek Abdelal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The primary goal of this study is to develop cost-effective shield materials that offer effective protection against high-velocity ballistic impact and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capabilities through absorption. Six fiber-reinforced epoxy composite panels, each with a different fabric material and stacking sequence, have been fabricated using a hand-layup vacuum bagging process. Two panels made of Kevlar and glass fibers, referred to as (K-NIJ) and (G-NIJ), have been tested according to the National Institute of Justice ballistic resistance protective materials test NIJ 0108.01 Standard-Level IIIA (9 mm × 19 mm FMJ 124 g) test. Three panels, namely, a hybrid of Kevlar and glass (H–S), glass with ceramic particles (C–S), and glass with recycled rubber (R–S) have been impacted by the bullet at the center, while the fourth panel made of glass fiber (G-S) has been impacted at the side. EMI shielding properties have been measured in the X-band frequency range via the reflection-transmission method. Results indicate that four panels (K-NIJ, G-NIJ, H–S, and G-S) are capable of withstanding high-velocity impact by stopping the bullet from penetrating through the panels while maintaining their structural integrity. However, under such conditions, these panels may experience localized delamination with variable severity. The EMI measurements reveal that the highest absorptivity observed is 88% for the K-NIJ panel at 10.8 GHz, while all panels maintain an average absorptivity above 65%. All panels act as a lossy medium with a peak absorptivity at different frequencies, with K-NIJ and H–S panels demonstrating the highest absorptivity. In summary, the study results in the development of a novel, cost-effective, multifunctional glass fiber epoxy composite that combines ballistic and electromagnetic interference shielding properties. The material has been developed using a simple manufacturing method and exhibits remarkable ballistic protection that outperforms Kevlar in terms of shielding efficiency; no bullet penetration or back face signature is observed, and it also demonstrates high EMI shielding absorption. Overall, the materials developed show great promise for various applications, including the military and defense.

防御之盾:开发具有有效电磁干扰屏蔽吸收功能的弹道复合材料板
这项研究的主要目标是开发具有成本效益的防护材料,通过吸收电磁干扰(EMI),提供有效的高速弹道冲击防护和电磁干扰屏蔽能力。采用手糊真空袋工艺制造了六块纤维增强环氧树脂复合板,每块板的纤维材料和堆叠顺序各不相同。两块由凯夫拉纤维和玻璃纤维制成的板材,分别称为 (K-NIJ) 和 (G-NIJ),已根据美国国家司法研究所的防弹防护材料测试 NIJ 0108.01 标准 IIIA 级(9 毫米 × 19 毫米 FMJ 124 克)进行了测试。凯夫拉尔纤维与玻璃混合板(H-S)、玻璃与陶瓷颗粒混合板(C-S)和玻璃与再生橡胶混合板(R-S)这三种板的中央受到子弹的冲击,而第四种玻璃纤维板(G-S)的侧面受到子弹的冲击。通过反射-透射法测量了 X 波段频率范围内的 EMI 屏蔽特性。结果表明,四块面板(K-NIJ、G-NIJ、H-S 和 G-S)能够抵御高速撞击,阻止子弹穿透面板,同时保持结构的完整性。不过,在这种情况下,这些面板可能会出现局部脱层,严重程度不一。EMI 测量结果表明,在 10.8 GHz 频率下,K-NIJ 面板的吸收率最高,达到 88%,而所有面板的平均吸收率都保持在 65% 以上。所有面板都是有损介质,在不同频率下具有峰值吸收率,其中 K-NIJ 和 H-S 面板的吸收率最高。总之,这项研究开发出了一种新型、高性价比、多功能玻璃纤维环氧树脂复合材料,兼具防弹和电磁干扰屏蔽性能。这种材料的开发采用了简单的制造方法,具有显著的防弹性能,在屏蔽效率方面优于凯夫拉纤维;没有观察到子弹穿透或背面特征,同时还表现出较高的电磁干扰屏蔽吸收率。总之,所开发的材料在包括军事和国防在内的各种应用领域都大有可为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Defence Technology(防务技术)
Defence Technology(防务技术) Mechanical Engineering, Control and Systems Engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
728
审稿时长
25 days
期刊介绍: Defence Technology, a peer reviewed journal, is published monthly and aims to become the best international academic exchange platform for the research related to defence technology. It publishes original research papers having direct bearing on defence, with a balanced coverage on analytical, experimental, numerical simulation and applied investigations. It covers various disciplines of science, technology and engineering.
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