The butyrate-producing and spore-forming bacterial genus Coprococcus as a potential biomarker for neurological disorders.

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2023.14
Fleur Notting, Walter Pirovano, Wilbert Sybesma, Remco Kort
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Abstract

The host-intestinal microbiome interaction has gained much scientific attention in the past two decades, boosted by advances in DNA sequencing and cultivation techniques. An accumulating amount of evidence shows that gut microbes play crucial roles in gut homeostasis, immune system education, and are associated with quality-of-life indicators. Beneficial health factors are associated with the digestion of dietary fibres in the colon and the subsequent production of short-chain fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Coprococcus is a butyrate-producing genus in the phylum Firmicutes, and its abundance is inversely correlated with several neuropsychological and neurodegenerative disorders. Case-control studies provide strong evidence of decreased abundance of Coprococcus spp. in depressed individuals. The species Coprococcus eutactus has the unique capacity to use two separate pathways for butyrate synthesis and has been found to be depleted in children with delayed language development and adults with Parkinson's disease. The combined literature on Coprococcus and the gut microbiota-brain axis points towards enhanced butyrate production and reduced colonisation of pathogenic clades as factors explaining its association with health effects. The genus Coprococcus is a promising candidate for a mental health biomarker and an interesting lead for novel dietary-based preventive therapies for specific neurological disorders.

产丁酸盐和形成孢子的细菌属粪原球菌作为神经系统疾病的潜在生物标志物
摘要:粪球菌是神经系统疾病的潜在生物标志物和调节剂。1. 婴儿期早期摄入的活菌孢子。2. 孢子在肠道中萌发。3.富含纤维的饮食加强了白僵菌的定植。4. C. eutactus在纤维发酵过程中产生短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)。它有多种丁酸盐生产途径。5. 结肠细胞通过促进扩散或通过游离脂肪酸受体(FFARs)吸收SCFAs。结肠细胞的丁酸盐代谢可改善上皮屏障功能。6. SCFAs的摄取导致胰高血糖素样肽1 (GLP-1)和厌氧肽YY (PYY)的分泌。这些多肽抑制食欲,并可能对神经系统有影响。7. 肠-脑轴构成SCFA和肽通过血液运输或SCFA信号通过迷走神经。在右上角显示了隐含的神经学效应。*与C. eutactus特异性相关。A.a,氨基酸;血脑屏障;HPA -肾上腺;强迫症,强迫性精神障碍。创建与BioRender.com。在过去的二十年中,随着DNA测序和培养技术的进步,宿主-肠道微生物组相互作用得到了广泛的科学关注。越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物在肠道内稳态、免疫系统教育和生活质量指标中起着至关重要的作用。有益的健康因素与结肠中膳食纤维的消化以及随后产生的短链脂肪酸(包括乙酸、丙酸和丁酸)有关。粪球菌是厚壁菌门中的一种产丁酸盐属,其丰度与几种神经心理和神经退行性疾病呈负相关。病例对照研究提供了强有力的证据,表明抑郁个体中粪球菌的丰度降低。该物种具有独特的能力,利用两种不同的途径合成丁酸盐,并已发现在语言发育迟缓的儿童和患有帕金森病的成人中缺乏丁酸盐。关于粪球菌和肠道微生物群-脑轴的综合文献指出,丁酸盐产量增加和致病性分支定植减少是解释其与健康影响相关的因素。粪球菌属是一种很有希望的心理健康生物标志物,也是一种基于饮食的新型神经系统疾病预防疗法的有趣先导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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