Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in an active-use C6-based aqueous film forming foam

IF 6.6 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Marzieh Shojaei , Abigail S. Joyce , P. Lee Ferguson , Jennifer L. Guelfo
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Studies have identified hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and there is increasing reliance on HRMS with suspect screening in areas such as PFAS fate and transport. Characterization of active-use AFFF formulations is crucial for maintaining representative lists of PFAS for such efforts. Herein, targeted analysis, total oxidizable precursor assay (TOP), suspect screening, and non-targeted analysis were used to characterize PFAS in an AFFF currently certified for use by the U.S. military. The sum of PFAS identified during targeted analysis and suspect screening was compared to TOP, demonstrating that > 90% (20.2 mM) of the estimated total PFAS concentration (22.4 mM) was comprised of "unknown" PFAS. Tandem and multi-stage tandem mass spectra were used to annotate 10 PFAS within 9 classes, 8 of which have never been reported. A subset are fluorotelomer-based isomers of legacy, electrochemically synthesized PFAS. Thus, suspect screening efforts that rely solely on accurate mass matching may mis-annotate PFAS presented here as isomers that will have key differences in properties such as biotransformation pathways. The total estimated concentration of the 10 PFAS was ~20 mM, which agrees with the "unknown" fraction (20.2 mM) identified by TOP.

新型全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质在现役c6基水成膜泡沫中的应用
研究使用高分辨率质谱(HRMS)在水成膜泡沫(AFFF)中确定了数百种单氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS),并且在PFAS命运和运输等领域越来越依赖于HRMS进行可疑筛选。积极使用的AFFF配方的特征对于为这种努力维持具有代表性的PFAS清单至关重要。在此,靶向分析、总氧化前体测定(TOP)、可疑筛选和非靶向分析被用于表征美国军方目前认证使用的AFFF中的PFAS。将目标分析和可疑筛选过程中发现的PFAS的总和与TOP进行比较,表明>估计总PFAS浓度(22.4 mM)的90% (20.2 mM)由“未知”PFAS组成。采用串联和多级串联质谱对9类10个PFAS进行了注释,其中8个未见报道。一个子集是遗留的基于氟端粒的异构体,电化学合成的PFAS。因此,仅依靠精确质量匹配的可疑筛选工作可能会错误地将PFAS作为在生物转化途径等特性上具有关键差异的异构体进行注释。10个PFAS的总浓度估计为~20 mM,与TOP鉴定的“未知”部分(20.2 mM)一致。
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来源期刊
Journal of hazardous materials letters
Journal of hazardous materials letters Pollution, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
20 days
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