Analysis of scopolamine and its related substances by means of high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

The retention behaviour of scopolamine (hyoscine) and its related compounds (norhyoscine, atropine, homatropine, and noratropine) was investigated on the silica-based HPLC stationary phase. The retention of investigated tropane alkaloids was interpreted by using the Soczewiński-Wachtmeister equation. A high correlation between the retention parameter (log k) and lipophilicity (log P) (R = 0.9923) confirms the significant influence of hydrophobic interactions on the retention behaviour of the aforementioned compounds. It was found that by increasing the acetonitrile fraction, a decrease in retention of the more polar epoxide derivatives (scopolamine, norhyoscine) and an increase in retention of the more lipophilic derivatives (atropine, noratropine, homatropine) is obtained. The best separation of the tropane alkaloids was achieved by a simple procedure that involved a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 40 mM ammonium acetate/0.05% TEA, pH 6.5; 50:50 v/v. Selected conditions were assumed for the determination of scopolamine hydrochloride in the eye drops (Scopolamini hydrobromidum 0.25%). The method was validated and it was found as selective, sensitive, precise, accurate, and robust for the further qualitative analysis of the scopolamine-related compounds.