Potential Synthetic Routes and Metal-Ion Sensing Applications of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles: An Integrative Review.

IF 4.2 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL
Deepak Sharma, Hari Om, Ashok Kumar Sharma
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oxadiazoles, especially 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffolds, stand among the foremost heterocyclic fragments with a broad spectrum of applications in diverse fields, including pharmacology, polymers, material science, and organic electronics, among others. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the pivotal synthetic strategies for 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives including dehydrogenative cyclization of 1,2-diacylhydrazines, oxidative cyclization of acylhydrazones, condensation cyclization, C-H activation of oxadiazole ring, decarboxylative cyclization and oxidative annulation along with plausible mechanisms. The set of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles selected from the literature and discussed herein epitomize the ease of synthesis as well as the possibility of linking π-conjugated groups; thereby encouraging the use of these molecules as important starting building blocks for a wide variety of fluorescent frameworks, particularly in the development of potential chemosensors. High photoluminescent quantum yield, excellent thermal and chemical stability, and the presence of potential coordination (N and O donor atoms) sites make these molecules a prominent choice for metal-ions sensors. An overview of selective metal-ion sensing, the detection limit along with the sensing mechanisms (photo-induced electron transfer, excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, and complex formation) is also included.

1,3,4-恶二唑的潜在合成路线和金属离子传感应用:综述。
恶二唑,特别是1,3,4-恶二唑支架,是最重要的杂环片段之一,具有广泛的应用领域,包括药理学,聚合物,材料科学和有机电子学等。本文综述了1,3,4-恶二唑衍生物的主要合成策略,包括1,2-二酰基肼的脱氢环化、酰基腙的氧化环化、缩合环化、恶二唑环的碳氢活化、脱羧环化和氧化环化以及可能的合成机制。从文献中选择并讨论的1,3,4-恶二唑集体现了易于合成和连接π共轭基团的可能性;因此,鼓励使用这些分子作为各种荧光框架的重要起始构建块,特别是在潜在化学传感器的开发中。高的光致发光量子产率,优异的热稳定性和化学稳定性,以及潜在配位(N和O给原子)位点的存在使这些分子成为金属离子传感器的突出选择。概述了选择性金属离子传感,检测极限以及传感机制(光诱导电子转移,激发态分子内质子转移和络合物的形成)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
137
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry continues to be a dependable resource for both the expert and the student by providing in-depth, scholarly, insightful reviews of important topics within the discipline of analytical chemistry and related measurement sciences. The journal exclusively publishes review articles that illuminate the underlying science, that evaluate the field''s status by putting recent developments into proper perspective and context, and that speculate on possible future developments. A limited number of articles are of a "tutorial" format written by experts for scientists seeking introduction or clarification in a new area. This journal serves as a forum for linking various underlying components in broad and interdisciplinary means, while maintaining balance between applied and fundamental research. Topics we are interested in receiving reviews on are the following: · chemical analysis; · instrumentation; · chemometrics; · analytical biochemistry; · medicinal analysis; · forensics; · environmental sciences; · applied physics; · and material science.
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