Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial Potentials of the Leaf Extract and Fractions of Chrysanthemum procumetens

Abstract

ABSTRACT The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract and fractions of Chrysanthemum procumetens leaves were evaluated. The extract was obtained from dried leaf samples using 70% methanol and screened for phytochemical constituents. The crude extract was partitioned successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol. Membrane stability and inhibition of albumin denaturation assays were done to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Antibacterial activity was determined using six test bacteria strains of both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Phytochemical screening tested positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The crude extract had the highest total phenol (344.67 ± 11.26 mg GAE g−1) and flavonoids (230.30 ± 22.11 mg RE g−1) while the butanol fraction had the lowest total phenol and total flavonoids (117.57 ± 9.40 mg GAE g−1 and 100.60 ± 1.99 mg RE g−1, respectively). The crude extracts and fractions exhibited concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, comparable to Ibuprofen. The anti-bacterial activity of the crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction of C. procumetens were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibition zone of 24.30 ± 0.02 mm; 15.5 ± 0.02 mm and MIC of 1.70 ± 0.01 mg mL−1 and 2.00 ± 0.03 mg mL−1, respectively.