Bell Beaker Cultural Package in the East European Periphery of the Phenomenon

Abstract

The Bell Beaker (BB) cultural package is one of the concepts explaining the extensive diffusion of this phenomenon in Europe. Artefacts associated with the package, discovered mainly in the graves of men, form groups defining the status of the deceased. The BB package is a dynamic turn of events, changing depending on the region, but preserving certain characteristic traits. The complete set of its initial ingredients was not copied in any location, and new local elements were added in various areas of its diffusion. The ritual features unearthed in north-eastern Poland, which contained elements of the BB package, are the assemblages located the furthest in the East European periphery of the phenomenon. The ecoand artefacts from these assemblages are difficult to interpret conclusively within the framework of the classic BB package, as well as in terms of its changes associated with its diffusion. This is connected with the fact that they include elements unknown among the local cultural entities, which reflect the broad circle of contacts their owners maintained. IZVLE∞EK – Kulturni paket zvon≠astih ≠a∏ je eden od konceptov, s katerim razlagamo obse∫no ∏irjenje tega pojava v Evropi. Najdbe, ki jih povezujemo s tem paketom, so bile odkriti predvsem v mo∏kih grobovih, pri ≠emer oblikovane skupine dolo≠ajo status pokojnika. Ta kulturni paket predstavlja dinami≠en razvoj dogodkov, ki se spreminja glede na regijo, pri ≠emer pa ohranja dolo≠ene zna≠ilne lastnosti. Celoten nabor za≠etnih sestavin tega paketa ni bil kopiran na nobenem mestu, so pa bili dodani novi lokalni elementi na razli≠nih obmo≠jih njegove difuzije. Ritualne zna≠ilnosti, ki so jih izkopali na severovzhodu Poljske, vsebujejo elemente kulturnega paketa zvon≠astih ≠a∏ in so hkrati primer najbolj oddaljenega obrobja tega pojava v vzhodni Evropi. Ekofakte in najdbe teh zbirov je te∫ko dokon≠no interpretirati tako v okviru klasi≠nega paketa kulture zvon≠astih ≠a∏ kot v smislu sprememb, ki so povezane z difuzijo tega paketa. To je povezano z dejstvom, da paket vklju≠uje neznane elemente med lokalnimi kulturnimi entitetami, ki odsevajo ∏ir∏i krog povezav, ki so jih vzdr∫evali njihovi nosilci.