CONSTRUCTION-TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME AND PARAMETERS OF EQUIPMENT FOR ULTRASOUND DISINTEGRATION OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS

Abstract

Purpose of the study. Improving the efficiency of ultrasonic disintegration of plant raw materials based on the search for rational (in terms of ensuring the required level of disintegration of plant raw materials) parameters of the cavitation chamber, properties of the suspension, and processing modes. Research methods. Methods of analysis and generalization of the results of scientific research of the processes of ultrasonic treatment of liquids and suspensions were used to substantiate the rational design and technological scheme and parameters of equipment for ultrasonic disintegration of plant raw materials. The results of the study. Acoustic piezoelectric cavitators with a low (up to 5.0 W/cm2) intensity of ultrasound, which is introduced into the liquid or suspension through the bottom (walls) of an open non-resonant cavitation chamber, are the most suitable for cavitation treatment of aqueous suspensions of plant bioresources. Ultrasonic emitters in this case are rigidly attached to the outside of the bottom (walls) of the cavitation chamber. Based on the analysis of research results, the design of a device for ultrasonic treatment of suspensions of plant raw materials was proposed. Conclusions. It is established that the main parameters determining the efficiency of the process of ultrasonic disintegration of plant raw material suspensions are the presence of an effective layer and rational intensity of ultrasonic influence on the medium in the cavitation chamber, which depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the treated medium. Based on the analysis, a structural and technological scheme of the device for ultrasonic treatment of suspensions is proposed.