Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

IF 1.5 1区社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI:10.1177/1541204019859938

C. Campbell, Christopher D’amato, Jordan Papp

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

The Ohio Youth Assessment System-Disposition Tool (OYAS-DIS) is a juvenile risk assessment that is used in numerous states and jurisdictions to assess criminogenic risk of juvenile offenders. Still, there is little published research on the predictive validity of the tool. The purpose of the current study was to examine the predictive validity of OYAS-DIS, with a specific focus on understanding prediction of recidivism across racial and gender subgroups. The sample consisted of 4,383 youth that received a court petition in a single large Midwestern county juvenile court. The findings indicated that the OYAS-DIS was a statistically significant predictor of recidivism across all racial and gender subgroups. However, there was statistically significant variation in predictive validity across subgroups. For instance, the tool was a statistically significantly better predictor of recidivism for White males as compared to Black male youth. There was also statistically significant variation in the predictive validity of certain domains (e.g., juvenile justice history) on the OYAS-DIS across racial and gender subgroups. Implications of research favor the use of the OYAS-DIS to predict recidivism for adjudicated juveniles.

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俄亥俄州青年评估系统倾向工具（OYAS-DIS）的验证：种族和性别差异的检验

俄亥俄州青少年评估系统处置工具（OYAS-DIS）是一种青少年风险评估，在许多州和司法管辖区用于评估青少年罪犯的犯罪风险。尽管如此，关于该工具的预测有效性的研究很少发表。本研究的目的是检验OYAS-DIS的预测有效性，特别关注理解跨种族和性别亚组的累犯预测。样本包括4383名在中西部一个大型县少年法庭收到法庭请愿书的青少年。研究结果表明，OYAS-DIS在所有种族和性别亚组中都是累犯的统计显著预测因素。然而，各亚组的预测有效性存在统计学上的显著差异。例如，与黑人男性青年相比，该工具在统计上是白人男性累犯的更好预测指标。OYAS-DIS中某些领域（如青少年司法史）的预测有效性在种族和性别亚组之间也存在统计学上的显著差异。研究的意义有利于使用OYAS-DIS来预测被判青少年的累犯。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

10.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice: An Interdisciplinary Journal provides academics and practitioners in juvenile justice and related fields with a resource for publishing current empirical research on programs, policies, and practices in the areas of youth violence and juvenile justice. Emphasis is placed on such topics as serious and violent juvenile offenders, juvenile offender recidivism, institutional violence, and other relevant topics to youth violence and juvenile justice such as risk assessment, psychopathy, self-control, and gang membership, among others. Decided emphasis is placed on empirical research with specific implications relevant to juvenile justice process, policy, and administration. Interdisciplinary in scope, Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice serves a diverse audience of academics and practitioners in the fields of criminal justice, education, psychology, social work, behavior analysis, sociology, law, counseling, public health, and all others with an interest in youth violence and juvenile justice.