Phong K. Thai , Jeffrey T. McDonough , Trent A. Key , Jack Thompson , Pritesh Prasad , Scott Porman , Jochen F. Mueller
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引用次数: 5
Abstract
Historical use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at firefighting training grounds (FTGs) has prompted questions regarding possible PFAS retention within concrete and subsequent releases to the environment. This investigation seeks to better understand the release of five PFAS from concrete cores collected from a legacy FTG. The vertical profile of cores were assessed, then surface ponding and rainfall simulations were conducted on the cores. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had the highest concentrations in both the core (up to 10,000 μg kg−1) and in ponded water on their surface (up to 100 μg L−1), followed by 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS). The maximum concentrations of PFAS in runoff water of five rainfall simulations were similar, suggesting recurring release of PFAS from AFFF impacted concrete, which could be sustained by upward transport of PFAS in the concrete subsurface layers through a potential “wicking” effect. The estimated mass of PFAS released during a simulated rainfall of 60 mm was approximately 1% of the total PFAS mass estimated within the top 1 cm of the concrete core. The results of the study suggest that concrete at FTGs may present an ongoing secondary source of PFAS in runoff water events.
消防训练场对全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)的历史使用引发了有关PFAS可能在混凝土中残留并随后向环境释放的问题。本研究旨在更好地了解从遗留FTG收集的混凝土芯中释放的五种PFAS。对岩心的垂直剖面进行了评价，并对岩心进行了地表积水和降雨模拟。全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)在堆芯(高达10,000 μg kg - 1)和表面积水中的浓度最高(高达100 μg L - 1)，其次是6:2氟端聚体磺酸(6:2 FTS)和全氟己烷磺酸(PFHxS)。五种降雨模拟的径流水中PFAS的最大浓度相似，表明受AFFF影响的混凝土中PFAS会反复释放，这可以通过潜在的“吸湿”效应在混凝土亚表面层中向上输送PFAS来维持。在模拟60毫米降雨期间释放的PFAS的估计质量约为混凝土核心顶部1厘米内估计的PFAS总质量的1%。研究结果表明，在径流水事件中，FTGs的混凝土可能是PFAS的持续次要来源。
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