Josip Vinčić, Alberta Aversa, Mariangela Lombardi, Diego Manfredi
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Abstract
Laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) was used to produce samples of the newly patented W360 hot work tool steel by Böhler. The process parameters were optimized to obtain nearly fully dense samples through the production and analysis of single deposited tracks and single layers. Subsequently, bulk samples underwent a hardening heat treatment, consisting of austenitizing, air quenching, and tempering. The samples were analysed in the as-built condition (AB), after quenching (Q) and following tempering cycles (HT) to observe the microstructural evolution. The microstructure was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopes, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the microstructural evolution was analysed with differential scanning calorimetry, while the mechanical response was evaluated through microhardness test. It was found that the AB samples exhibited a dendritic-cellular microstructure with tempered martensite laths. The thermal history of the AB samples was completely modified by the austenitizing treatment followed by quenching, resulting in a fully martensitic Q sample that did not display the typical dendritic-cellular microstructure of the L-DED process. The completion of the heat treatment with tempering cycles revealed the presence of Mo-rich carbides dispersed in a martensitic matrix. The HT samples exhibited a mean microhardness of 634 HV, remaining constant along the entire building direction from the substrate to the last deposited layer, indicating a homogeneous microstructure. This high value, similar to other hot work tool steels such as H13, makes W360 a very promising candidate for tool build and repair purposes.
期刊介绍：
Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.
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