3D Printed Structures for Ultrasound Attenuation in Underwater Environment.

IF 2.3 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-15 DOI:10.1089/3dp.2022.0071

Weilian Gao, Yunyou Hou, Fenglong Shang, Jie Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this work, open or closed air cavity (air bubble) inclusion structures are 3D printed via direct ink writing and fused deposition modeling methods utilizing materials of polydimethylsiloxane silicone or thermoplastic polyurethane, respectively, and these structures are examined for their attenuation capacity concerning ultrasonic waves in underwater environment. It is found that several factors, such as interstitial fencing layer, air cavity fraction, material interface interaction, and material property, are fundamental elements governing the overall attenuation performance. Hence, via 3D printing technique, which could conveniently manipulate structure's cavity volume fraction, such as via filament size and filament density on surface, structures with tunable attenuation could be designed. In addition, considering directions where ultrasound would encounter interfaces, that is, if the geometry could induce more interface interactions, such as triangular shape compared with simple square, it is possible to obtain immense attenuation enhancement, which does pave an additional approach for attenuation optimization via convoluted structural interface design that is exclusively tailored by additive manufacturing.

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水下环境超声衰减的3D打印结构

在这项工作中，利用聚二甲基硅氧烷硅树脂或热塑性聚氨酯材料，通过直接油墨书写和熔融沉积建模方法，分别三维打印出了开放或封闭的气腔（气泡）包容结构，并研究了这些结构在水下环境中对超声波的衰减能力。研究发现，间隙栅栏层、空腔比例、材料界面相互作用和材料属性等因素是影响整体衰减性能的基本要素。因此，通过三维打印技术，可以方便地操纵结构的空腔体积分数，如通过表面的丝线尺寸和丝线密度，设计出具有可调衰减的结构。此外，考虑到超声波会遇到界面的方向，也就是说，如果几何形状能引起更多的界面相互作用，如三角形与简单的正方形相比，就有可能获得巨大的衰减增强，这就为通过增材制造专门定制的复杂结构界面设计进行衰减优化铺平了道路。

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来源期刊

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.50%

发文量

126

期刊介绍： 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing is a peer-reviewed journal that provides a forum for world-class research in additive manufacturing and related technologies. The Journal explores emerging challenges and opportunities ranging from new developments of processes and materials, to new simulation and design tools, and informative applications and case studies. Novel applications in new areas, such as medicine, education, bio-printing, food printing, art and architecture, are also encouraged. The Journal addresses the important questions surrounding this powerful and growing field, including issues in policy and law, intellectual property, data standards, safety and liability, environmental impact, social, economic, and humanitarian implications, and emerging business models at the industrial and consumer scales.