Role of volatiles in intrusion emplacement and sulfide deposition in the supergiant Norilsk-Talnakh Ni-Cu-PGE ore deposits

IF 4.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Geology Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI:10.1130/g51359.1
S. Barnes, M. Yudovskaya, G. Iacono-Marziano, Margaux Le Vaillant, L. Schoneveld, A. Cruden
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Norilsk-Talnakh orebodies in Siberia are some of the largest examples on Earth of magmatic Ni−Cu−platinum group element (PGE) deposits, formed by segregation of immiscible sulfide melts from silicate magmas. They show distinctive features attributable to degassing of a magmatic vapor phase during ore formation, including: vesiculation of the host intrusions, widespread intrusion breccias, and extensive hydrofracturing, skarns, and metasomatic replacement in the country rocks. Much of the magmatic sulfide was generated by assimilation of anhydrite and carbonaceous material, leading to injection of a suspension of fine sulfide droplets attached to gas bubbles into propagating tube-like host sills ("chonoliths"). Catastrophic vapor phase exsolution associated with a drop in magma overpressure at the transition from vertical to horizontal magma flow enabled explosive propagation of chonoliths, rapid "harvesting" and gravity deposition of the characteristic coarse sulfide globules that form much of the ore, and extensive magmatic fluid interaction with country rocks.
挥发性物质在超大型Norilsk-Talnakh Ni-Cu-PGE矿床侵入侵入和硫化物沉积中的作用
西伯利亚的Norilsk-Talnakh矿体是地球上最大的岩浆Ni - Cu -铂族元素(PGE)矿床,由硅酸盐岩浆中不混溶的硫化物熔体分离形成。它们具有成矿过程中岩浆气相脱气的独特特征,包括:寄主侵入体的囊化作用,侵入角砾岩的广泛分布,以及围岩中广泛存在的水力压裂、矽卡岩和交代置换。大部分岩浆硫化物是由硬石膏和碳质物质的同化作用产生的,导致附着在气泡上的细硫化物液滴悬浮液注入到传播的管状宿主层(“球粒岩”)中。从垂直岩浆流到水平岩浆流的转变过程中,岩浆超压的下降带来了灾难性的气相析出,这使得球粒岩的爆炸性传播、形成大部分矿石的特征粗硫粒的快速“收获”和重力沉积,以及岩浆流体与乡村岩石的广泛相互作用成为可能。
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来源期刊
Geology
Geology 地学-地质学
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
3.40%
发文量
228
审稿时长
6.2 months
期刊介绍: Published since 1973, Geology features rapid publication of about 23 refereed short (four-page) papers each month. Articles cover all earth-science disciplines and include new investigations and provocative topics. Professional geologists and university-level students in the earth sciences use this widely read journal to keep up with scientific research trends. The online forum section facilitates author-reader dialog. Includes color and occasional large-format illustrations on oversized loose inserts.
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