{"title":"New COVID-related results for estimating the shadow economy in the global economy in 2021 and 2022.","authors":"Friedrich Schneider","doi":"10.1007/s10368-022-00537-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considering the development of the shadow economy of 36 European and OECD countries over the period from 2003 to 2022 and the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic from 2020 onwards, the average size of the shadow economy of 36 European and OECD countries decreased from 16.48% of GDP in 2020 to 16.07% in 2021 (a decline of 0.41 percentage points). Due to a continued (forecasted) economic recovery in 2022, the average shadow economy of these 36 countries will slightly increase to 15.96% of GDP (average of all 36 countries): a very modest reduction of 0.11 percentage points.</p>","PeriodicalId":42639,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC POLICY","volume":"19 1","pages":"299-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9255495/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC POLICY","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-022-00537-6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/7/5 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Considering the development of the shadow economy of 36 European and OECD countries over the period from 2003 to 2022 and the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic from 2020 onwards, the average size of the shadow economy of 36 European and OECD countries decreased from 16.48% of GDP in 2020 to 16.07% in 2021 (a decline of 0.41 percentage points). Due to a continued (forecasted) economic recovery in 2022, the average shadow economy of these 36 countries will slightly increase to 15.96% of GDP (average of all 36 countries): a very modest reduction of 0.11 percentage points.
期刊介绍:
The double-blind peer reviewed Journal International Economics and Economic Policy publishes empirical and theoretical contributions, especially papers which are relevant for economic policy. The main focus of the journal is on comparative economic policy, international political economy, including international organizations and policy cooperation, monetary and real/technological dynamics in open economies, globalization and regional integration, trade, migration, international investment, internet commerce and regulation.IEEP particularly offers contributions from the policy community and provides a forum for exchange for the academic and policy community. Officially cited as: Int Econ Econ Policy