Low Energy, Non-Cortical, Graphene Nanoribbon-Based STDP Plastic Synapses

IF 2.3 Q3 NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY

IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1109/MNANO.2022.3208722

N. C. Laurenciu, C. Timmermans, S. Cotofana

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The realization of energy efficient, low area, and fast processing neuron and synapse circuits is of prime importance for unleashing neuromorphic computing full potential. In this paper, we introduce a graphene-based synapse, which can emulate Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP) and Short/Long Term Plasticity (STP/LTP) with variable signal amplitude and temporal dynamics. The synapse operation is validated by means of SPICE simulations, and its synaptic modulation ability is showcased through reinforcement learning within a Spiking Neural Network for robotic navigation with obstacles avoidance. Besides its functional versatility, the proposed graphene-based synapse can potentially occupy low active area ($ \approx 170{\kern 1pt} {\mathrm{n}}{{\mathrm{m}}^2}$≈170nm2) and operate at low voltage ($200{\kern 1pt} {\mathrm{mV}}$200 mV ). When compared with a biological brain synapse, its energy consumption per spike for a weight update operation ($0.5{\kern 1pt} {\mathrm{fJ}}$0.5 fJ ) is $20 \times $20× lower, while the processing speed is increased by six orders of magnitude. Such properties are essential desiderata for the realization of large scale neuromorphic systems, making the proposed graphene-based synapse an outstanding candidate for this purpose.

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低能量，非皮质，基于石墨烯纳米带的STDP塑料突触

实现高效节能、低面积和快速处理的神经元和突触电路对于释放神经形态计算的全部潜力至关重要。在本文中，我们介绍了一种基于石墨烯的突触，它可以模拟具有可变信号幅度和时间动态的Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP)和Short/Long Term Plasticity (STP/LTP)。通过SPICE模拟验证了突触的运作，并通过在一个具有避障机器人导航的脉冲神经网络中的强化学习来展示其突触调制能力。除了功能通用性外，所提出的基于石墨烯的突触可以潜在地占据低活性区域($ \ \kern 1pt} {\mathrm{n}}{\mathrm{m}}^2}$≈170nm2)并在低电压($200{\kern 1pt} {\mathrm{mV}}$200 mV)下工作。与生物脑突触相比，其权重更新操作($0.5{\kern 1pt} {\ maththrm {fJ}}$0.5 fJ)的每尖峰能量消耗低20倍，而处理速度提高了6个数量级。这些性质是实现大规模神经形态系统的必要条件，因此提出的基于石墨烯的突触是实现这一目的的杰出候选者。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

6.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine publishes peer-reviewed articles that present emerging trends and practices in industrial electronics product research and development, key insights, and tutorial surveys in the field of interest to the member societies of the IEEE Nanotechnology Council. IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine will be limited to the scope of the Nanotechnology Council, which supports the theory, design, and development of nanotechnology and its scientific, engineering, and industrial applications.