Phronesis (Practical Wisdom) as a Type of Contextual Integrative Thinking

IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
K. Kristjánsson, B. Fowers, Catherine A. Darnell, David Pollard
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引用次数: 46

Abstract

Coinciding with the recent psychological attention paid to the broad topic of wisdom, interest in the intellectual virtue of phronesis or practical wisdom has been burgeoning within pockets of psychology, philosophy, professional ethics, and education. However, these discourses are undercut by frequently unrecognized tensions, lacunae, ambivalences, misapplications, and paradoxes. While a recent attempt at conceptualizing the phronesis construct for the purpose of psychological measurement offers promise, little is known about how phronesis develops psychologically, what motivates it, or how it can be cultivated. Many psychologists aspire to make sense of wise thinking without the contextual, affective, and holistic/integrative resources of phronesis. This article explores some such attempts, in particular, a new “common model” of wisdom. We argue for the incremental value of the phronesis construct beyond available wisdom accounts because phronesis explains how mature decision-making is motivated and shaped by substantive moral aspirations and cognitively guided moral emotions. We go on to argue that, in the context of bridging the gap between moral knowledge and action, phronesis carries more motivational potency than wisdom in the “common model.” The phronesis construct, thus, embodies some unique features that psychologists studying wise decision-making ignore at their peril.
实践智慧是一种情境整合思维
随着最近心理学对智慧这一广泛话题的关注,在心理学、哲学、职业道德和教育领域,对实践智慧的智力美德的兴趣也在迅速增长。然而,这些话语往往被未被认识到的紧张、空白、矛盾、误用和悖论所削弱。虽然最近为了心理测量的目的而概念化phronesis结构的尝试提供了希望,但对于phronesis是如何在心理上发展的,是什么激发了它,或者如何培养它,我们知之甚少。许多心理学家渴望在没有语境、情感和整体/综合资源的情况下理解明智的思考。本文探讨了一些这样的尝试,特别是一种新的智慧“共同模式”。我们认为,在现有的智慧解释之外,现实主义结构的增量价值是存在的,因为现实主义解释了成熟的决策是如何被实质性的道德愿望和认知引导的道德情感所激励和塑造的。我们继续认为,在弥合道德知识和行为之间的差距的背景下,实践比“共同模式”中的智慧更具激励效力。因此,现实结构体现了一些研究明智决策的心理学家忽视的独特特征。
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来源期刊
Review of General Psychology
Review of General Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
4.80%
发文量
26
期刊介绍: Review of General Psychology seeks to publish innovative theoretical, conceptual, or methodological articles that cross-cut the traditional subdisciplines of psychology. The journal contains articles that advance theory, evaluate and integrate research literatures, provide a new historical analysis, or discuss new methodological developments in psychology as a whole. Review of General Psychology is especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between subdisciplines in psychology as well as related fields or that focus on topics that transcend traditional subdisciplinary boundaries.
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