Extending the cognitive-behavioral model of Body Dysmorphic Disorder: The role of attachment anxiety and self-ambivalence

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jocrd.2023.100803

Daniel B. Fassnacht , Kathina Ali , Michael Kyrios

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to extend the cognitive-behavioral model of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) by exploring the role of insecure attachment and self-ambivalence on the relationship between two specific cognitive factors, namely appearance orientation (seeing the self as an aesthetic object) and appearance evaluation (negative appraisal of internal body image), on levels of BDD severity. A convenience sample of 304 Australian residents (72.4% females) completed online self-report measures; 53% reported clinical or subclinical levels of BDD. Attachment anxiety and self-ambivalence were both associated with BDD severity, as were both cognitive factors. The direct effect of attachment anxiety was no longer significant after controlling for self-ambivalence, appearance orientation and evaluation. However, significant specific indirect effects were found suggesting that individuals who report greater levels of insecure attachment and self-ambivalence exhibit greater appearance orientation and negative appearance evaluation which, in turn, results in higher levels of BDD. The indirect effect through self-ambivalence was strongest suggesting a central role of self in the relationship between attachment anxiety and BDD severity. The current research demonstrates the importance of attachment anxiety and self-ambivalence in the context of BDD and implicates their potential role in treatment; however, further clinical studies are needed.

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扩展身体变形障碍的认知行为模型：依恋焦虑和自我矛盾的作用

本研究旨在通过探索不安全依恋和自我矛盾对两个特定认知因素（即外表取向（将自我视为审美对象）和外表评价（对内部身体形象的负面评价））在BDD严重程度上的关系的作用，来扩展身体变形障碍（BDD）的认知行为模型。304名澳大利亚居民（72.4%为女性）的便利样本完成了在线自我报告测量；53%的患者报告了BDD的临床或亚临床水平。依恋焦虑和自我矛盾都与BDD的严重程度有关，认知因素也是如此。在控制了自我矛盾、外表取向和评价后，依恋焦虑的直接影响不再显著。然而，发现了显著的特定间接影响，这表明报告更高程度的不安全依恋和自我矛盾的个体表现出更大的外表取向和负面的外表评价，这反过来又导致更高水平的BDD。通过自我矛盾心理产生的间接影响最强，表明自我在依恋焦虑和BDD严重程度之间的关系中发挥着核心作用。目前的研究证明了依恋焦虑和自我矛盾在BDD中的重要性，并暗示了它们在治疗中的潜在作用；然而，还需要进一步的临床研究。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.