Determinants of Cigarette Consumption in Turkey: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of cigarette consumption during 1960-2016 in Turkey by employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The variables of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, real price of cigarettes, tertiary school enrollment (gross %), urban population (% of total), and tobacco control were adapted as the independent variables. The estimation results reveal that real GDP per capita, urbanization