Prevalence, Contributing Factors and Management Strategies (Self-Management Education) of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Nigeria: A Review

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the major causes of morbidity and premature mortality globally with over 371 million people worldwide and more than 80% of morbidity and mortality due to diabetes occurred in the lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) including Nigeria, which has the highest burden of diabetes in Africa. The high number of medical admissions and deaths (15% and 22%) due to diabetes complications in Nigeria reflect the poor quality of care. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the prevalence, contributing factors and management strategies (SelfManagement Education) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Nigeria. The review was an informal, targeted literature review that utilised secondary data from global health, PubMed data bases, websites of international organisation and government ministries and books from the libraries and personal collections. The factors contributing to the prevalence of diabetes complications in Nigeria were identified and discoursed in this review. Effective and feasible strategies of Diabetes self-management education (DSME) identified to promote implementation in Nigeria include; community-based DSME, family-based DSME and health facility-based DSME. All the DSME strategies are required in Nigeria for effective diabetes care. This review successfully documented the prevalence, patient related factors contributing and management strategies (SelfManagement Education) of T2D complications/outcomes in Nigeria and thus, combination of the above strategies is recommended for effectively addressing the needs of diabetes patients in Nigeria.