TB/HIV Coinfection and Other Medical Co-Morbidity in Older Adults (50 - 64 Years) in Botswana: Evidence from 2013 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS IV)

性医学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI:10.4236/ASM.2019.93004

N. Ama, Helen A. Ama, F. N. Okurut

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Abstract

Background: Many older adults (50 - 64 years) in Botswana with HIV do not know they are infected with TB. Some with TB disease are unaware of their HIV status, yet HIV/TB coinfection is high. The study aims to determine the prevalence of TB among older adults with HIV, their HIV/AIDS knowledge and vulnerability to hypertension, diabetes and asthma using the 2013 BAIS IV data. Material and Methods: The BAIS IV study, from which the data for this article is derived, used a stratified two-stage probability sampling design. The first stage was the selection of 297 Enumeration Areas (EAs) as Primary Sampling Units and second stage was selection of households (5,415) in the EAs. The study targeted all usual members of the selected households aged 6 weeks and above for the Biomarker or testing for HIV and those aged 10 - 64 years old for the behavioral questionnaire. Results: The study shows that the older adults (50 - 64 years) with TB have a low level of education and HIV prevalence is very high (44% for age 50 - 54, 40.6% for age 55 - 59 and 68.4% for age 60 - 64 years). The rate of HIV/TB coinfection, 21.9%, is high and prevalence of TB among the older adults is 8.6% (13%, males and 5.3%, females) while only 0.8% are currently on treatment. Only 67.2% know that if a pregnant mother is infected with HIV, there is a way of preventing transmission of the virus to the child. Age, level of education, marital status and employment status significantly (p < 0.01) predict TB diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion: The study concludes that lower education seems to be an obstacle to accessing TB treatment. Therefore, older adults’ awareness and knowledge of the symptoms of both diseases (TB and HIV), mode of infection and treatment need to adequately improve through increased education to overcome health challenges when infected with asthma, diabetes and high blood pressure/hypertension.

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博茨瓦纳老年人(50 - 64岁)结核病/艾滋病合并感染和其他医学共发病:来自2013年博茨瓦纳艾滋病影响调查(BAIS IV)的证据

背景：博茨瓦纳许多感染艾滋病毒的老年人（50-64岁）不知道自己感染了结核病。一些结核病患者不知道自己的艾滋病毒状况，但艾滋病毒/结核病合并感染率很高。该研究旨在利用2013年BAIS IV数据确定感染艾滋病毒的老年人中结核病的患病率、他们对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的了解以及对高血压、糖尿病和哮喘的易感性。材料和方法：本文的数据来源于BAIS IV研究，该研究采用分层两阶段概率抽样设计。第一阶段是选择297个枚举区作为主要采样单位，第二阶段是选择枚举区中的家庭（5415个）。这项研究针对6周及以上的选定家庭的所有普通成员进行生物标志物或HIV检测，并针对10至64岁的家庭成员进行行为问卷调查。结果：研究表明，患有结核病的老年人（50-64岁）受教育程度较低，艾滋病毒感染率非常高（50-54岁为44%，55-59岁为40.6%，60-64岁为68.4%）。艾滋病毒/结核病合并感染率为21.9%，老年人结核病患病率为8.6%（男性为13%，女性为5.3%），而目前只有0.8%的人在接受治疗。只有67.2%的人知道，如果孕妇感染了艾滋病毒，有办法防止病毒传播给孩子。年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况和就业状况对结核病诊断和治疗有显著预测作用（p<0.01）。结论：该研究得出的结论是，教育程度低似乎是获得结核病治疗的障碍。因此，老年人对这两种疾病（结核病和艾滋病毒）的症状、感染方式和治疗的认识和知识需要通过加强教育来充分提高，以克服感染哮喘、糖尿病和高血压/高血压时的健康挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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性医学进展(英文)

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