Component composition of essential oils of grass Teucrium chamaedrys L. using gas chromatography method with mass detection

Abstract

Search among the flora of Ukraine for new sources of biologically active substances to create potential domestic highly effective drugs of plant origin - one of the most current issues of modern pharmacy. In this case, the search is most appropriate to conduct among plants that have many years of experience in folk medicine and a sufficient raw material base. Such plant is Teucrium chamaedrys L. – a plant of the Lamiales family, which has long been used in folk medicine and is widespread throughout Ukraine. However, in the literature, there are only isolated and contradictory data on the chemical composition of the grove. The work aimed was to study volatile compounds of grass Teucrium chamaedrys L. using gas chromatography with mass detection. The object of the study was the grass of the Teucrium chamaedrys L., collected during the flowering period in the Kyiv region in May–June 2019. Chromatographic study of extracts was performed on a gas chromatograph Agilent 6890 (Agilent Technologies, USA), equipped with a mass spectrometric detector (model 5973). Identification of the study was carried out by comparing the components of the mass spectra and retention times of the components. As a result of the conducted researches, 47 volatile components were found in the extract of the grass, of which 42 were identified: monocyclic and bicyclic monoterpenoids, terpene hydrocarbons, etc. The highest concentration among the volatile compounds of the grass has the sesquiterpenoid chamazulene, the content of which is 53.2 mg/kg of raw material, or 15.9% of the content of all volatile compounds of the object of study. The volatile compound viridiflorol has a slightly lower content, the content of which is 32.8 mg/kg of raw material (9.8% of all volatile compounds of grass). The majority of substances of the volatile fraction of the grass of the grove also include the following volatile compounds: β-caryophyllene, sabinyl acetate and hermacrene D, the content of which is 25.6 mg/kg, 24.4 mg/kg and 17.1 mg/kg of raw materials, respectively, or 7.8%, 7. 3% and 5.1%, of all volatile compounds of Teucrium chamaedrys L. The total content of all five volatile majority compounds of Teucrium chamaedrys L. is about 45.9% of the total number of volatile compounds found in the object of study.