Parton Distributions in Nucleons and Nuclei

IF 9.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR

Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science Pub Date : 2020-01-21 DOI:10.1146/annurev-nucl-011720-042725

J. Ethier, E. Nocera

引用次数: 89

Abstract

We review the current status of parton distribution function (PDF) determinations for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized protons and for unpolarized nuclei, which are probed by high-energy hadronic scattering in perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We present the established theoretical framework, the experimental information, and the methodological aspects inherent to any modern PDF extraction. Furthermore, we summarize the present knowledge of PDFs and discuss their limitations in both accuracy and precision relevant to advancing our understanding of QCD proton substructure and pursuing our quest for precision in the Standard Model and beyond. In this respect, we highlight various achievements, discuss contemporary issues in PDF analyses, and outline future directions of progress.

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核子和原子核中的部分子分布

我们综述了在微扰量子色动力学（QCD）中通过高能强子散射探测的非极化和纵向极化质子以及非极化核的部分子分布函数（PDF）测定的现状。我们介绍了任何现代PDF提取所固有的既定理论框架、实验信息和方法方面。此外，我们总结了PDF的现有知识，并讨论了它们在准确性和精度方面的局限性，这些局限性与推进我们对QCD质子亚结构的理解以及在标准模型及其他模型中追求精度有关。在这方面，我们强调了各种成就，在PDF分析中讨论了当代问题，并概述了未来的发展方向。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 物理-物理：核物理

CiteScore

21.50

自引率

0.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science is a publication that has been available since 1952. It focuses on various aspects of nuclear and particle science, including both theoretical and experimental developments. The journal covers topics such as nuclear structure, heavy ion interactions, oscillations observed in solar and atmospheric neutrinos, the physics of heavy quarks, the impact of particle and nuclear physics on astroparticle physics, and recent advancements in accelerator design and instrumentation. One significant recent change in the journal is the conversion of its current volume from gated to open access. This conversion was made possible through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program. As a result, all articles published in the current volume are now freely available to the public under a CC BY license. This change allows for greater accessibility and dissemination of research in the field of nuclear and particle science.