TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL-NUMBERED LANGUAGES IN THE FIELD OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN A MULTINATIONAL REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MARI LANGUAGE IN BASHKORTOSTAN)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to consider the process of transformation of national education on the example of Mari schools in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The chronological framework of the work is determined by the beginning of the 1970s - the first twentieth anniversary of the XXI century. Russian was taught in the national languages in the BASSR schools in the early 1970s, but later the teaching of subjects in Russian was expanded. In the 1990s, a policy aimed at reviving national languages was pursued, but the Federal State Educational Standard for Basic General Education adopted in 2010 determined the priority of mastering curricula within the Unified State Exam in Russian. It has been established that the compact settlement of the Mari population in a number of districts of Bashkortostan, in whose schools the study of the native language is organized, allowed preserving the ethnic and linguistic identity of the Mari people in a multi-ethnic republic. The results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census showed a high level of ethnolanguage identity of Mari people in Bashkortostan, which in turn correlates with the data of an ethnosociological survey conducted among Mari people in the republic in 2021.