Development, Survival, and Fecundity of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Five Weedy Host Plants Common across the Mid-South USA

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY
J. Glover, M. Portilla, G. Reddy
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly mobile and polyphagous pest known to feed on over 300 cultivated and wild host plant species. Larvae cause significant economic damage to several commercial row crops over multiple generations each growing season. The objective of this study was to compare biological fitness of H. zea on 5 weedy host plants commonly found across the mid-south US. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), kudzu (Pueraria montana [Lour.] Merr. (all Fabaceae), and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.; Caprifoliaceae) were evaluated as primary food sources for H. zea under laboratory conditions at 27 ± 0.5 °C, a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%, and a 14:10 h (L:D) photoperiod. This study measures the development, biomass, survival, and fecundity of H. zea when reared on the reproductive tissues of 5 common weeds. Larvae of H. zea successfully developed on all 5 weeds to adulthood, but significant mortality (> 50%) was observed for larvae reared on hairy vetch, honeysuckle, and kudzu. Larval developmental periods ranged from 30 d to 39 d for H. zea reared on honeysuckle and white clover, respectively. Pupal biomass ranged 158.1 mg to 161.2 mg for individuals reared on hairy vetch, followed by 196.2 mg to 202.8 mg on crimson clover, and 204.6 to 217.4 mg for individuals on white clover, honeysuckle, and kudzu collectively. Pupal emergence varied from 92.1% to 61.8% for crimson clover and hairy vetch, respectively. Larval mortality varied from 25.3% on crimson clover to 68.9% for hairy vetch. Average adult longevity ranged from 10 d to 11 d for females and males reared on crimson clover to 4 d on kudzu and 4 d on white clover for female and male, respectively. The average number of eggs laid by females reared on crimson clover, white clover, hairy vetch, honeysuckle, and kudzu were 553.5, 512.3, 288.2, 194.7, and 142.2, respectively. Our findings indicate crimson and white clover were among the most suitable hosts, and kudzu the most unsuitable based on larval mortality and reproductive capability. Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los parámetros biológicos de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en cinco plantas hospederas comunes de mid-south: trébol carmesí (Trifolium incarnatum L.), trébol blanco (Trifolium repens L.), arveja vellosa (Vicia villosa Roth), kudzu (Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.) (todos Fabaceae) y madreselva Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae) evaluadas bajo condiciones de laboratorio a 27 ± 0.5 °C, 60 ± 5% de humedad relativa y un fotoperíodo de 14:10 (L:O). Se midió el tiempo de desarrollo de huevo, larva y pupa, peso pupal, longevidad y fecundidad del adulto de H. zea. La larva se desarrolló con excito hasta adulto sobre las cinco plantas hospederas, sin embargo, se observo una diferencia significativa de > 50% in larvas criadas en arveja vellosa, madreselva y kudzu. El rango del periodo de desarrollo larval vario de 30 d a 39 d en madreselva y trébol blanco, respectivamente. El rango de biomasa de pupa vario de 217.4 mg para hembras criadas en trébol blanco y 213.6 mg para machos criados en madreselva a 161.2 y 158.1 mg para hembras y machos criados en arveja vellosa. La emergencia de pupa vario de 92.1% a 61.8% para trébol carmesí y arveja vellosa, respectivamente. La mortalidad de larva vario de 25.3% en trébol carmesí a 68.9% en arveja vellosa. El rango promedio de longevidad del adulto vario de 10.3 d a 11.2 d para hembras y machos criados en trébol carmesí a 4 d en kudzu y 4 d en trébol blanco, respectivamente. El promedio de huevos ovipositados por hembras criadas en trébol carmesí, trébol blanco, arveja vellosa, madreselva y kudzu fueron de 553.5, 512.3, 288.2, 194.7 y 142.2, respectivamente. Nuestros resultados indican que los tréboles blanco y carmesí fueron los mas susceptibles comparados con el resto de las plantas hospederas y con base en mortalidad de larva y capacidad reproductiva de adultos, kudzu fue el mas resistente.
玉米夜蛾(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)在美国中南部常见的五种杂草寄主植物上的发育、存活和繁殖
摘要Helicoverpa zea(boddie)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是一种高度移动的多食性害虫,已知以300多种栽培和野生寄主植物为食。幼虫在每个生长季节对几代以上的商业行作物造成重大经济损失。这项研究的目的是比较玉米在美国中南部常见的5种杂草寄主植物中的生物适应性。深红三叶(红三叶)、白三叶(白三叶)、毛脉(蚕豆)、葛根(蒙大拿州[卢]梅尔。(所有豆科)和金银花(金银花);在27±0的实验室条件下,忍冬科被评估为玉米的主要食物来源。5°C,相对湿度为60±5%,以及14:10小时(长:天)的光周期。这项研究在研究5种常见杂草的生殖组织时,测量了玉米的发育、生物量、存活率和生育率。玉米幼虫在5周内成功发育为成虫,但在毛脉、蜂蜜和葛根上繁殖的幼虫死亡率显著(>50%)。幼虫的发育期从30天到39天不等。玉米分别在金银花和白三叶草上繁殖。在毛脉上繁殖的个体的蛹生物量从158.1毫克到161.2毫克不等,其次是在深红色的三叶草上196.2毫克到202.8毫克,在白色的三叶草、蜂蜜和葛根上集体繁殖的个体的蛹生物量从204.6毫克到217.4毫克不等。深红三叶草和毛香茅的蛹出现率分别为92.1%至61.8%。幼虫死亡率从深红三叶草的25.3%到毛脉的68.9%不等。女性和男性的平均成年寿命从10天到11天不等,分别在深红色的三叶草上生长到4天在葛根上生长,在白色的三叶草上生长4天。雌性在红三叶草、白三叶草、毛香茅、金银花和葛根上产卵的平均数量分别为553.5、512.3、288.2、194.7和142.2。我们的发现表明,根据幼虫死亡率和生殖能力,深红色和白色三叶草是最合适的宿主之一,葛根是最不合适的宿主。摘要本研究的目的是比较中南部五种常见寄主植物Helicoverpa zea(boddie)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)的生物学参数:红三叶(Trifolium incarnatum L.)、白三叶(Trifolium repens L.)、豌豆(Vicia villosa roth)、葛根(葛根(Lour.)merr.)(所有豆科)和金银花忍冬。(忍冬科)在27±0.5°C、60±5%相对湿度和14:10(L:O)光周期的实验室条件下进行评估。测定了玉米蚜虫卵、幼虫和蛹的发育时间、蛹重、成虫的寿命和繁殖力。在五种寄主植物上,幼虫以兴奋的方式发育到成年,但在豌豆、金银花和葛根中繁殖的幼虫中,差异显著>50%。金银花和白三叶的幼虫发育期分别为30d至39d。蛹生物量的范围从白三叶饲养的雌性217.4毫克和金银花饲养的雄性213.6毫克到毛豆饲养的雌性和雄性161.2毫克和158.1毫克不等。红三叶和毛豆的蛹发生率分别为92.1%至61.8%。幼虫死亡率从红三叶的25.3%到豌豆的68.9%不等。在红三叶草中饲养的雌性和雄性的平均成虫寿命分别为10.3天至11.2天,在葛根中饲养的平均成虫寿命为4天,在白三叶中饲养的平均成虫寿命为4天。在红三叶、白三叶、毛豌豆、金银花和葛根中饲养的雌性平均产卵量分别为553.5、512.3、288.2、194.7和142.2。我们的结果表明,与其他寄主植物相比,白三叶和红三叶是最敏感的,根据幼虫死亡率和成虫繁殖能力,葛根是最具抗性的。
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来源期刊
Florida Entomologist
Florida Entomologist 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
7.10%
发文量
44
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Florida Entomologist is the official journal of the Florida Entomological Society. Volumes 1-3 were published under the name The Florida Buggist. The Florida Entomological Society still produces the traditionally printed version of Florida Entomologist, but you can also view, search, or print any article published since June 1917 by accessing online files. Web access is made possible by the Society’s electronic publication project begun in 1993
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